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Biomedical Journal
Volume 29, Issue 5 (9-2025)
IBJ 2025, 29(5): 352-359 |
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Ghanbari Alamoti M, Jalali Mashayekhi F, Hosseini N, Najafi H, Changizi-Ashtiyani S. Reno-Protective Properties of Azolla pinnata Extract Against Gentamicin-Induced Kidney Damage Are Attributed to Its Antioxidant Effects. IBJ 2025; 29 (5) :352-359
URL: http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-5194-en.html
URL: http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-5194-en.html
Mohammad Ghanbari Alamoti 
, Farideh Jalali Mashayekhi , Naser Hosseini , Houshang Najafi , Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani *
, Farideh Jalali Mashayekhi , Naser Hosseini , Houshang Najafi , Saeed Changizi-Ashtiyani *
Abstract:
Background: Gentamicin (GM), a powerful aminoglycoside antibiotic, is limited in clinical use due to dose-related kidney toxicity, mainly caused by oxidative stress. Azolla pinnata, an antioxidant-rich aquatic fern, has not been extensively studied for renoprotection against GM-induced kidney damage. This research assessed the protective effects of a hydroalcoholic extract of A. pinnata on GM nephrotoxicity.
Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): control, sham, GM (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.), and GM plus A. pinnata extract (10 or 20 mg/kg/day, orally). After seven days, renal function markers (serum creatinine and urea), oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], catalase [CAT], and glutathione peroxidase [GPX]), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and renal histopathology were assessed.
Results: GM significantly damaged kidney function and induced oxidative stress, as shown by increased levels of creatinine, urea, and MDA, along with reduced FRAP and CAT activity (p < 0.05). Co-treatment with A. pinnata extract, especially at 20 mg/kg, significantly lessened these effects by restoring kidney function markers, boosting antioxidant defenses, and lowering lipid peroxidation. The extract did not have a significant impact on either GPX activity or TNF-α levels. Histopathological analysis revealed that GM-induced tubular necrosis and glomerular damage were significantly ameliorated by A. pinnata in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: A. pinnata extract offers notable protection against kidney damage caused by gentamicin, mainly by enhancing the body's natural antioxidant defenses, decreasing lipid peroxidation, and maintaining the normal structure of kidney tissue. These findings suggest that A. pinnata could serve as a valuable complementary treatment to improve the safety of GM use.
Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 8): control, sham, GM (100 mg/kg/day, i.p.), and GM plus A. pinnata extract (10 or 20 mg/kg/day, orally). After seven days, renal function markers (serum creatinine and urea), oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde [MDA], ferric reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], catalase [CAT], and glutathione peroxidase [GPX]), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and renal histopathology were assessed.
Results: GM significantly damaged kidney function and induced oxidative stress, as shown by increased levels of creatinine, urea, and MDA, along with reduced FRAP and CAT activity (p < 0.05). Co-treatment with A. pinnata extract, especially at 20 mg/kg, significantly lessened these effects by restoring kidney function markers, boosting antioxidant defenses, and lowering lipid peroxidation. The extract did not have a significant impact on either GPX activity or TNF-α levels. Histopathological analysis revealed that GM-induced tubular necrosis and glomerular damage were significantly ameliorated by A. pinnata in a dose-dependent manner.
Conclusion: A. pinnata extract offers notable protection against kidney damage caused by gentamicin, mainly by enhancing the body's natural antioxidant defenses, decreasing lipid peroxidation, and maintaining the normal structure of kidney tissue. These findings suggest that A. pinnata could serve as a valuable complementary treatment to improve the safety of GM use.
Keywords: Azolla pinnata, gentamicin, nephrotoxicity, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, renal protection
Type of Study: Full Length/Original Article |
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