@article{ author = {Gorzin, Zahra and Gorzin, Ali Akbar and Tabarraei, Alijan and Behnampour, Naser and Irani, Shiva and Ghaemi, Amir}, title = {Immunogenicity Evaluation of a DNA Vaccine Expressing the Hepatitis C Virus Non-Structural Protein 2 Gene in C57BL/6 Mice}, abstract ={Backgrounds: Most of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections elicit poor immune responses and 75% to 85% of cases become chronic therefore, the development of an effective vaccine against HCV is of paramount importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate co-administration of HCV non-Structural Protein 2 and IL-12 DNA vaccines in C57BL/6 mice. Methods: A plasmid encoding full-length HCV NS2 protein (non-structural protein 2) was generated and used to vaccinate mice. Negative control (an empty expression vector) was also employed to evaluate the background response. To investigate immune responses against vaccine, C57BL/6 mice received three doses of the vaccine with a two-week interval. Cellular immunity was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay for lymphocyte proliferation, lactate dehydrogenase release for cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and cytokine assay. Results: The findings demonstrated that immunization of mice with plasmid expressing HCV NS2 induced CTL response, interferon gamma production, and lymphocyte proliferation compared to negative control. The results also demonstrated that co-administration of IL-12 with the HCV NS2 plasmid induced significantly better immune response in C57BL/6 mice. Conclusion: DNA vaccine encoding HCV NS2 is an effective candidate that can trigger CTL-based immune response against HCV. In addition, the results suggested that combining the DNA vaccine approach with immune stimulatory cytokines may significantly enhance antigen-specific immune responses.}, Keywords = {Hepatitis C virus (HCV), NS2 protein, DNA vaccine, IL-12}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {ارزیابی ایمنوژنسیته DNA واکسن بیان کننده ژن NS2 ویروس هپاتیت C در موش C57BL/6}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1231.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1091-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1091-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Fayazi, Mehri and BeigiBoroujeni, Mandana and Salehnia, Mojdeh and Khansarinejad, Behz}, title = {Ovarian Stimulation by Exogenous Gonadotropin Decreases the Implantation Rate and Expression of Mouse Blastocysts Integrins}, abstract ={Background: Integrins are heterodimeric glycoprotein receptors that regulate the interaction of cells with extracellular matrix and may have a critical role in implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ovulation induction on the expression of α4, αv, β1, and β3 integrins in mouse blastocyst at the time of implantation. Methods: The ovarian stimulated and non-stimulated pregnant mice were sacrificed on the morning of 5th day of pregnancy. The blastocysts were collected, and the expression of αv, α4, β1, and β3 integrins was examined using real-time RT-PCR and immunocytochemical techniques, then their ovarian hormones were analyzed at the same time. The implantation sites in uterine horns of other pregnant mice in both groups were determined under a stereomicroscope on the 7th day of pregnancy. Results: The results showed that the expression of αv, β1, and β3 integrins in both mRNA and protein levels was significantly lower in the ovarian stimulated group than the control group, and the maximum ratio of expression was belonged to β1 molecule (P>0.05). Conclusion: The implantation rate in superovulated mice was significantly lower than control mice. It was suggested that ovulation induction decreased the expression of αv, β1, and β3 integrins of mouse blastocysts.}, Keywords = {Blastocyst, Integrins, Implantation}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {8-15}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {کاهش لانه گزینی و بروز ژنهای اینگرین بلاستوسیست موش در اثر تحریک تخمک گذاری با گنادوتروپین اگزوژن}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1236.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1029-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1029-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sarbishegi, Maryam and Mehraein, Fereshteh and Soleimani, Mansooreh}, title = {Antioxidant Role of Oleuropein on Midbrain and Dopaminergic Neurons of Substantia Nigra in Aged Rats}, abstract ={Background: Oleuropein is a phenolic compound which is present in the olive leaf extract. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of oleuropein as an antioxidant agent on the substantia nigra in aged rats. Methods: Twenty 18-month-old Wistar rats (450-550 g) were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received a daily single dose of 50 mg/kg of oleuropein by oral gavage for 6 months. The control group received only distilled water. All rats were sacrificed two hours after the last gavage and the brains were removed and midbrains were cut. One part of the midbrains were homogenized and centrifuged. The tissue supernatant was assayed for lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant enzyme activities. The other part of midbrains fixed and embedded in paraffin, then processed for Nissl and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Data was analyzed using SPSS by t-test. Differences were considered significant for P<0.05. Results: The level of LPO in midbrain of the rats was decreased significantly in the experimental group, but superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased in experimental group compared to control group (P<0.05). Morphometric analyses showed significantly that the experimental group had more neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) either in Nissl or IHC staining when compared to control (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that treatment of the old rats with oleuropein reduces the oxidative damage in SNc by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities.}, Keywords = {Oleuropein, Aging, Dopaminergic neurons, Substantia nigra}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {16-22}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {نقش آنتی اکسیدانی اولئوروپین بر مغز میانی و نورونهای دوپا مینرژیک جسم سیاه در رتهای پیر}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1274.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1083-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1083-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mohammadpour, Amir Hooshang and Falsoleiman, Homa and Shamsara, Jamal and AllahAbadi, Ghazaleh and Rasooli, Ramin and Ramezani, Mohamm}, title = {Pentoxifylline Decreases Serum Level of Adhesion Molecules in Atherosclerosis Patients}, abstract ={Background: Inflammation is involved in development, progression, and complications of atherosclerotic disease. Clinical studies have indicated that the level of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), IL-18, and adhesion molecules correlates with the severity of atherosclerosis and can predict future cardiovascular events. Experimental studies have shown pentoxifylline (PTX) reduces these factors in animal models. The purpose of the present pilot study was to evaluate effect of PTX on a group of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Forty patients with angiographically documented CAD, who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria, were entered in the double-blind, randomized, pilot clinical study. The patients were randomly given PTX (400 mg three times daily) or placebo (3 tab/day) for 2 months. Serum concentrations of MCP-1, IL-18, intercellular adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) were measured before and at the end of intervention by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Results: Our study showed that the serum levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 was decreased in the study population after two-month treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of our pilot study, administration of PTX in CAD patients significantly decreases adhesion molecules levels.}, Keywords = {Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Pentoxifylline}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {23-27}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {پنتوکسی فیلین سطح سرمی مولکولهای چسبنده در بیماران مبتلا به آترواسکروز را کاهش می دهد}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1211.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1026-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1026-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Mohammad Hossein and Houshmand, Massoud and Aryani, Omid and Kamalidehghan, Behnam and Khalili, Elham}, title = {Molecular and Clinical Investigation of Iranian Patients with Friedreich Ataxia}, abstract ={Background: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by guanine-adenine-adenine (GAA) triplet expansions in the FXN gene. Its product, frataxin, which severely reduces in FRDA patients, leads to oxidative damage in mitochondria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the triple nucleotide repeated expansions in Iranian FRDA patients and to elucidate distinguishable FRDA clinical differences in these patients. Methods: A number of 22 Iranian patients (8 females and 14 males) from 16 unrelated families were studied. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of patients. The frequency and length of (GAA)n repeats in intron 1 of the FXN gene were analyzed using long-range PCR. In this study, the clinical criteria of FRDA in our patients and the variability in their clinical signs were also demonstrated. Results: An inverse relationship was observed between GAA repeat size and the age of onset. Although some distinguishable clinical features (such as limb ataxia and lower limb areflexia) were found in our patients, 90-95% of them had extensor plantar response and dysarthria. The results showed only one positive diabetes patient and also different effects on eye movement abnormality among our patients. Conclusion: The onset age of symptoms showed a significant inverse correlation with allele size in our patients (P>0.05). Based on comparisons of the clinical data of all patients, clinical presentation of FRDA in Iranian patients did not differ significantly from other FRDA patients previously reported.}, Keywords = {Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), Frataxin, Mitochondria}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-33}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {مطالعه ملکولی و کلینیکی بیماران ایرانی مبتلا به فردریش آتاکسیا}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1235.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1061-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1061-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Azimi, Bahareh and Nourpanah, Parviz and Rabiee, Mohammad and Arbab, Shahram}, title = {Producing Gelatin Nanoparticles as Delivery System for Bovine Serum Albumin}, abstract ={Background: Progress in the field of biology and biochemistry has led to the discovery of numerous bioactive peptides and proteins in the last few decades. Delivery of therapeutic proteins/peptides has received a considerable amount of attention in recent years. Methods: In this study, a two-step desolvation method was used to produce biodegradable hydrophilic gelatin nanoparticles (GNP) as a delivery system of protein model (BSA). The size and shape of the nanoparticles were examined by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. Results: Particles with a mean diameter of 200-300 nm were produced and the percentage of entrapment efficiency was found to be 87.4. The optimum amount of theoretical BSA loading was obtained, the release of BSA was monitored in vitro, and the mechanism of release was studied. The BSA release profile showed a biphasic modulation characterized by an initial, relatively rapid release period, followed by a slower release phase. Conclusion: Results show that the two-step desolvation is an appropriate method for preparing GNP as a delivery vehicle for BSA.}, Keywords = {Gelatin, Nanoparticles, Bovine serum albumin}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {34-40}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {تولید نانوذرات ژلاتین به عنوان یک سیستم تحویل برای بوواین سرم آلبومین}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12422.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1090-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1090-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Rezazadeh, Alireza and Yazdanparast, Razieh}, title = {Prevention of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Rats by Two Manganese-Salen Complexes}, abstract ={Background: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a progressive stage of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is characterized by steatosis with inflammation. Investigations have suggested that oxidative stress may play an important role in the progress of NAFLD to NASH. To provide further insights into beneficial effects of antioxidants in NASH prevention, we employed two manganese-superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetics, manganese N,N`-bis(salicyldene) ethylene diamine chloride (EUK-8) and manganese-3-methoxy N,N`-bis(salicyldene)ethylenediamine chloride (EUK-134), as two salen representatives and vitamin C as the standard antioxidant. Methods: Experimental NASH was induced in Male N-Mary rats by feeding a methionine/choline-deficient (MCD) diet to rats for 10 weeks. The rats (n = 5, 30 mg/kg/day) were randomly assigned to receive vitamin C, EUK-8, EUK-134 or vehicle orally. Results: Administration of salens together with the MCD diet reduced the serum aminotransferases, glutathione transferase and alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, and LDL contents. In addition, the EUK-8 and EUK-134 improved NASH pathological features in liver of MCD-fed rats. Conclusion: EUK-8 and EUK-134 supplementation reduces NASH-induced abnormalities, pointing out that antioxidant strategy could be beneficial for prevention of NASH.}, Keywords = {Fatty liver, Oxidative stress, Antioxidants}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {41-48}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {پیشگیری از استئاتوهپاتیت غیر الکلی در رت توسط دو کمپلکس منگنز سالن}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1201.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1092-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1092-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {KarimpourMalekshah, Abbasali and Heidari, Mahmoud and Parivar, Kazem and Azami, Nasrin Sadat}, title = {The Effects of Fibroblast Co-Culture and Activin A on in vitro Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles}, abstract ={Background: This study was conducted to evaluate fibroblast co-culture and Activin A on in vitro maturation and fertilization of mouse preantral follicles. Methods: The ovaries from 12-14-day-old mice were dissected, and 120-150 μm preantral follicles were cultured individually in α-MEM as based medium for 12 days. A total number of 456 follicles were cultured in four conditions: (i) base medium as control group (n = 113), (ii) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A (n = 115), (iii) base medium co-cultured with mouse embryonic fibroblast (n = 113), and (iv) base medium supplemented with 30 ng/ml Activin A and co-cultured with fibroblast (n = 115). Rate of growth, survivability, antrum formation, ovulation, embryonic development and steroid production were evaluated. Analysis of Variance and Duncan test were applied for analyzing. Results: Both co-culture and co-culture + Activin A groups showed significant difference (P<0.05) in growth (on days 4, 6, and 8 of culture period) and survival rates. However, there was no significant difference in antrum formation, ovulation rate, and embryonic development of ovulated oocytes. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the estradiol production on days 8, 10, and 12 between co-culture + Activin A and the control group. Progesterone production also was significant (P<0.05) in co-culture + Activin A group on days 6, 8, 10, and 12 compared to control group. Conclusion: Fibroblast co-culture and Activin A promoted growth and survivability of preantral follicles. However, simultaneous use of them was more efficient.}, Keywords = {Fibroblast, Activin A, Follicle}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {49-54}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {تاثیر همکشتی فیبروبلاست و Activin A بر رشد آزمایشگاهی فولیکول های پره آنترال موش}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12642.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1129-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1129-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Eslami, Hamid and Khorramizadeh, Mohammad Reza and Pourmand, Mohammad Reza and Moazeni, Maryam and Rezaie, Sass}, title = {Down-Regulation of sidB Gene by Use of RNA Interference in Aspergillus nidulans}, abstract ={Background: Introduction of the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery has guided the researchers to discover the function of essential vital or virulence factor genes in the microorganisms such as fungi. In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, the gene sidB plays an essential role in septation, conidiation and vegetative hyphal growth. In the present study, we benefited from the RNAi strategy for down-regulating a vital gene, sidB, in the fungus A. nidulans. Methods: The 21-nucleotide small interfering RNA (siRNA) was designed based on the cDNA sequence of the sidB gene in A. nidulans. Transfection was performed through taking up siRNA from medium by 6 hour-germinated spores. To evaluate the morphologic effects of siRNA on the fungus, germ tube elongation was followed. Moreover, total RNA was extracted and quantitative changes in expression of the sidB gene were analyzed by measuring the cognate sidB mRNA level by use of a quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay. Results: Compared to untreated-siRNA samples, a significant inhibition in germ tube elongation was observed in the presence of 25 nM of siRNA (42 VS 21 µM). In addition, at the concentration of 25 nM, a considerable decrease in sidB gene expression was revealed. Conclusion: Usage of RNAi as a kind of post-transcriptional gene silencing methods is a promising approach for designing new antifungal agents and discovering new drug delivery systems.}, Keywords = {Aspergillus nidulans, sidB, RNAi}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {55-59}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {مهار ژن sidB با استفاده از RNAi در Aspergillus nidulans}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12172.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1130-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1130-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Hatami, Sahar and Zavareh, Saeed and Salehnia, Mojdeh and Lashkarbolouki1, Taghi and Ghorbanian, Mohammad Taghi and Karimi, Isaac}, title = {Total Oxidative status of Mouse Vitrified Pre-Antral Follicles with Pre-Treatment of Alpha Lipoic Acid}, abstract ={Background: Cryopreservation of pre-antral follicles is a hopeful technique to preserve female fertility. The aim of the present study was to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels of mouse vitrified pre-antral follicles in the presence of alpha lipoic acid (ALA). Methods: Isolated pre-antral follicles (140–150 µm in diameter) were divided into vitrified–warmed and fresh groups. Each group was subjected to in vitro maturation with or without ALA for 12 days, followed by adding human chronic gonadotropin to induce ovulation. In vitro fertilization was performed to evaluate their developmental competence. In parallel, the amount of ROS and TAC were assessed after 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of culture by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin assay and ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay, respectively. Results: The respective rates of survival, antrum formation, and metaphase II oocytes were significantly higher in ALA-supplemented groups compared to the groups not treated with ALA. TAC and ROS levels were significantly decreased and increased, respectively during the culture period up to 96 h in the absence of ALA in both vitrified and non-vitrified samples. However, with pretreatment of ALA, TAC levels were increased significantly and remained constant up to 96 h in vitrified-warmed pre-antral follicles, while ROS levels completely returned to the level of starting point after 96 h of culture in the presence of ALA. Conclusion: Pretreatment of ALA positively influences development of pre-antral follicles in vitrified and non-vitrified samples through increasing follicular TAC level and decreasing ROS levels.}, Keywords = {Vitrification, Pre-antral follicle, Alpha lipoic acid (ALA), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Total antioxidant capacity (TAC)}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {وضعیت استرس اکسیداتیو فولیکول های پره آنترال منجمد شده موش با تیمار آلفا لیپوئیک اسید}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12582.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1128-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1128-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Khalatbary, Ali Rez}, title = {Natural Polyphenols and Spinal Cord Injury}, abstract ={Polyphenols have been shown to have some of the neuroprotective effects against neurodegenerative diseases. These effects are attributed to a variety of biological activities, including free radical scavenging/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. In this regard, many efforts have been made to study the effects of various well-known dietary polyphenols on spinal cord injury (SCI) and to explore the mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects. The aim of this paper is to present the mechanisms of neuroprotection of natural polyphenols used in animal models of SCI.}, Keywords = {Spinal cord injury (SCI), Polyphenols, Antioxidants, Herbal medicine}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {120-129}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {پلی فنول های طبیعی و ضایعه نخاعی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12782.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1115-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1115-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Bakhshi, Bita and Boustanshenas, Mina and Ghorbani, Masou}, title = {A Single Point Mutation within the Coding Sequence of Cholera Toxin B Subunit Will Increase Its Expression Yield}, abstract ={Background: Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) has been extensively considered as an immunogenic and adjuvant protein, but its yield of expression is not satisfactory in many studies. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of native and mutant recombinant CTB (rCTB) in pQE vector. Methods: ctxB fragment from Vibrio cholerae O1 ATCC14035 containing the substitution of mutant ctxB for amino acid S128T was amplified by PCR and cloned in pGETM-T easy vector. It was then transformed to E. coli Top 10F' and cultured on LB agar plate containing ampicillin. Sequence analysis confirmed the mature ctxB gene sequence and the mutant one in both constructs which were further subcloned to pQE-30 vector. Both constructs were subsequently transformed to E. coli M15 (pREP4) for expression of mature and mutant rCTB. Results: SDS-PAGE analysis showed the maximum expression of rCTB in both systems at 5 hours after induction and Western-blot analysis confirmed the presence of rCTB in blotting membranes. The expression of mutant rCTB was much higher than mature rCTB, which may be the result of serine-to-threonine substitution at position 128 of mature rCTB amino acid sequence created by PCR mutagenesis. The mutant rCTB retained pentameric stability and its ability to bind to anti- cholera toxin IgG antibodies. Conclusion: Point mutation in ctxB sequence resulted in over-expression of rCTB, probably due to the increase of solubility of produced rCTB. Consequently, this expression system can be used to produce rCTB in high yield.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, Point mutation, Cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), Protein expression}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {130-135}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {موتاسیون نقطه ای در توالی کد کننده ی زیرواحد B توکسین کلرا می تواند سبب افزایش میزان بیان این پروتئین شود}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.11652.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1124-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1124-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Gilanchi, Samira and Esmaeilzade, Banafshe and Eidi, Akram and Barati, Mahmood and Mehrabi, Soraya and MoghaniGhoroghi, Fatima and Nobakht, Maliheh}, title = {Neuronal Differentiation of Rat Hair Follicle Stem Cells: the Involvement of the Neuroprotective Factor Seladin-1 (DHCR24)}, abstract ={Background: The seladin-1 (selective Alzheimer disease indicator-1), also known as DHCR24, is a gene found to be down-regulated in brain region affected by Alzheimer disease (AD). Whereas, hair follicle stem cells (HFSC), which are affected in with neurogenic potential, it might to hypothesize that this multipotent cell compartment is the predominant source of seladin-1. Our aim was to evaluate seladin-1 gene expression in hair follicle stem cells. Methods: In this study, bulge area of male Wistar rat HFSC were cultured and then characterized with Seladin-1 immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry on days 8 to 14. Next, 9-11-day cells were evaluated for seladin-1 gene expression by real-time PCR. Results: Our results indicated that expression of the seladin-1 gene (DHCR24) on days 9, 10, and 11 may contribute to the development of HFSC. However, the expression of this gene on day 11 was more than day 10 and on 10th day was more than day 9. Also, we assessed HFSC on day 14 and demonstrated these cells were positive for β-ш tubulin, and seladin-1 was not expressed in this day. Conclusion: HFSC express seladin-1 and this result demonstrates that these cells might be used to cell therapy for AD in future.}, Keywords = {Seladin-1 (selective Alzheimer disease indicator-1), Alzheimer disease (AD), Hair follicle stem cells}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {136-142}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {تمایز نورونی سلول های بنیادی فولیکول مو رت: نقش فاکتور حفاظت نورونی سلادین-1}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12842.2014 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1126-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1126-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Hafizi, Atousa and Khatami, Saeid Reza and Galehdari, Hamid and Shariati, Gholamreza and Saberi, Ali Hossein and Hamid, Mohamm}, title = {Exon Sequencing of PKD1 Gene in an Iranian Patient with Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease}, abstract ={Introduction: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common genetic kidney disorders with the incidence of 1 in 1,000 births. ADPKD is genetically heterogeneous with two genes identified: PKD1 (16p13.3, 46 exons) and PKD2 (4q21, 15 exons). Eighty five percent of the patients with ADPKD have at least one mutation in the PKD1 gene. Genetic studies have demonstrated an important allelic variability among patients, but very few data are known about the genetic variation among Iranian populations. Methods: In this study, exon direct sequencing of PKD1 was performed in a seven-year old boy with ADPKD and in his parents. The patient’s father was ADPKD who was affected without any kidney dysfunction, and the patient’s mother was congenitally missing one kidney. Results: Molecular genetic testing found a mutation in all three members of this family. It was a missense mutation GTG>ATG at position 3057 in exon 25 of PKD1. On the other hand, two novel missense mutations were reported just in the 7-year-old boy: ACA>GCA found in exon 15 at codon 2241 and CAC>AAC found in exon 38 at codon 3710. For checking the pathogenicity of these mutations, exons 15, 25, and 38 of 50 unrelated normal cases were sequenced. Conclusion: our findings suggested that GTG>ATG is a polymorphism with high frequency (60%) as well as ACA>GCA and CAC>AAC are polymorphisms with frequencies of 14% and 22%, respectively in the population of Southwest Iran.}, Keywords = {Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), Polycystic kidney diseases (PKD), PKD1 gene, Iran}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {143-150}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13172.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1127-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1127-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Tavakolinejad, Sima and Khosravi, Mohsen and Mashkani, Baratali and EbrahimzadehBideskan, Alireza and SanjarMossavi, Nasser and Parizadeh, Seyyed Mohammad Reza and HamidiAlamdari, Daryoush}, title = {The Effect of Human Platelet-Rich Plasma on Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation}, abstract ={Background: The cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used in many clinical trials however, there are still some concerns about the cultural conditions. One concern is related to the use of FBS as a widely used xenogeneic supplement in the culture system. Human platelet-rich plasma (hPRP) is a candidate replacement for FBS. In this study, the effect of hPRP on MSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation has been evaluated. Methods: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) were expanded. Cells from the third passage were characterized by flow cytometric analysis and used for in vitro experiments. Resazurin and alizarin red stains were used for cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation assays, respectively. Results: Treatment with hPRP resulted in a statistically significant increase in cell proliferation compare to the negative control group (P<0.001). Cell proliferation in the 15% hPRP group was also significantly higher than that in the 10% hPRP group (P<0.05). Additionally, it caused less osteogenic differentiation of the hADSC compared to the FBS (P<0.001), but in comparison to negative control, it caused acceptable mineralization (P<0.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that hPRP not only improves the proliferation but also it can be a suitable substitution in osteogenic differentiation for clinical purposes. However, the clinical application value of hPRP still needs more investigation.}, Keywords = {Platelet-Rich Plasma, Adipose tissue, Stem Cells, Cell differentiation, Cell proliferation}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {151-157}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثرات پلاسمای غنی از پلاکت بر تزاید و تمایز به استئوبلاست در سلولهای بنیادی مشتق از بافت چربی انسانی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13012.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1114-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1114-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghorbanalizadgan, Mahdi and Bakhshi, Bita and KazemnejadLili, Anoshirvan and Najar-Peerayeh, Shahin and Nikmanesh, Bahram}, title = {A Molecular Survey of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter Coli Virulence and Diversity}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) analysis of Campylobacter spp. isolated from children with diarrhea in Iran. Methods: A total of 200 stool specimens were obtained from children under 5 years during July 2012 to July 2013. Detection of C. jejuni and C. coli was performed by standard biochemical and molecular methods. The presence of virulence-associated genes and genetic diversity of isolates was examined using PCR and ERIC-PCR analyses. Results: A total of 12 (6%) Campylobacter spp. were isolated from patients including 10 (4.5%) C. jejuni and 2 (1.5%) C.coli. The flaA, cadF and ciaB genes were present in 100% of isolates, while no plasmid of virB11 gene was present in their genome. The prevalence of invasion-associated marker was 100% among C. coli and was not detected in C. jejuni isolates. The distribution of both pldA and the genes associated with cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) was 58.3% in C. jejuni isolates. Seven distinct ERIC-PCR profiles were distinguished in three clusters using ERIC-PCR analysis. Genotyping analysis showed a relative correlation with geographic location of patients and virulence gene content of isolates. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first molecular survey of Campylobacter spp. in Iran concerning genotyping and virulence gene content of both C. jejuni and C. coli. ERIC-PCR revealed appropriate discriminatory power for clustering C. jejuni isolates with identical virulence gene content. However, more studies are needed to clearly understand the pathogenesis properties of specific genotypes.}, Keywords = {Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Ddiarrhea, Virulence factors}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {158-164}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {بررسی مولکولی تنوع و ویرولانس کمپیلوباکتر ژژونی وکمپیلوباکتر کولی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13592.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1113-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1113-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghasemi, Maedeh and Khodaei, Naser and Salari, Sajjad and Eliassi, Afsaneh and Saghiri, Rez}, title = {Gating Behavior of Endoplasmic Reticulum Potassium Channels of Rat Hepatocytes in Diabetes}, abstract ={Background: Defects in endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis are common occurrences in different diseases, such as diabetes, in which the function of endoplasmic reticulum is disrupted. It is now well established that ion channels of endoplasmic reticulum membrane have a critical role in endoplasmic reticulum luminal homeostasis. Our previous studies showed the presence of an ATP-sensitive cationic channel in endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, in this study, we examined and compared the activities of this channel in control and diabetic rats using single-channel recording techniques. Method: Male Wistar rats were made diabetic for 2 weeks with a single dose injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Ion channel incorporation of rough endoplasmic reticulum of diabetic hepatocytes into the bilayer lipid membrane allowed the characterization of K+ channel. Results: Ion channel incorporation of rough endoplasmic reticulum vesicles into the bilayer lipid revealed that the channel current-voltage (I-V) relation with a mean slope conductance of 520 ± 19 pS was unaffected in diabetes. Interestingly, the channel Po-voltage relation was significantly lower in diabetic rats at voltages above +30 mV. Conclusion: We concluded that the endoplasmic reticulum cationic channel is involved in diabetes. Also, this finding could be considered as a goal for further therapeutic plans.}, Keywords = {Endoplasmic reticulum, Diabetes, Ion channels, Bilayer lipid membrane, Liver}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {165-172}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {رفتار باز و بسته شدن کانال های پتاسیمی اندوپلاسمیک رتیکلوم هپاتوسیت ها در شرایط دیابت}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13082.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1123-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1123-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Pirmoradi, Leila and Mohammadi, Mohammad Taghi and Safaei, Akbar and Mesbah, Fakhardin and Dehghani, Gholam Abbas}, title = {Does the Relief of Glucose Toxicity Act As a Mediator in Proliferative Actions of Vanadium on Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells in Streptozocin Diabetic Rats?}, abstract ={Background: Data shows vanadium protects pancreatic beta cells (BC) from diabetic animals. Whether this effect is direct or through the relief of glucose toxicity is not clear. This study evaluated the potential effect of oral vanadyl sulfate (vanadium) on glycemic status and pancreatic BC of normal and diabetic rats. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups of normal and diabetic. Diabetes was induced with streptozocin (40 mg/kg, i.v.). Normal rats used water (CN) or vanadium (1 mg/ml VOSO4, VTN). Diabetic rats used water (CD), water plus daily neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin injection (80 U/kg, ITD) or vanadium (VTD). Blood samples were taken for blood glucose (BG, mg/dL) and insulin (ng/dL) measurements. After two months, the pancreata of sacrificed rats were prepared for islet staining. Results: Pre-treated normal BG was 88 ± 2, and diabetic BG was 395 ± 9. The final BG in CD, VTD, and ITD was 509 ± 22, 138 ± 14, and 141 ± 14, respectively. Insulin in VTN (0.75 ± 0.01) and VTD (0.78 ± 0.01) was similar, higher than CD (0.51 ± 0.07) but lower than CN (2.51 ± 0.02). VTN islets compared to CN had larger size and denser central core insulin immunoreactivity with plentiful BC. CD and ITD islets were atrophied and had scattered insulin immunoreactivity spots and low BC mass. VTD islets were almost similar to CN. Conclusion: Besides insulin-like activity, vanadium protected pancreatic islet BC, and the relief of glucose toxicity happening with vanadium had a little role in this action.}, Keywords = {Vanadium, Rats, Diabetes, Protection, Beta cells}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {173-180}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {آیا حذف سمیت گلوکز در تکثیر سلولهای بتای پانکراس توسط وانادیوم خوراکی در موشهای دیابتی شده با استرپتوزوسین به عنوان واسطه دخالت دارد؟}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13292.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1122-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1122-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Dejman, Masoumeh and Habibi, Elham and BaradarnEftekhari, Monir and Falahat, Katayoun and Malekafzali, Hossei}, title = {Pasteur Institute of Iran- An Evaluation Model}, abstract ={Background: Pasteur Institute of Iran was established in 1919 with the aim to produce vaccines and prevent communicable diseases in Iran. Over time, their activities extended into areas of research, education and services. Naturally, such a vast development begs establishment of a comprehensive management and monitoring system. With this outlook, the present study was carried out with the aim to design a performance assessment model for Pasteur Institute of Iran that, in addition to determining evaluation indicators, it could prepare the necessary grounds for providing a unified assessment model for the global network of the Pasteur Institutes. Method: This study was designed and performed in 4 stages: first design of indicators and determining their scores. Second editing indicators according to the outcome of discussions and debates held with members of Research Council of Pasteur Institute of Iran. Third implementation of a pilot model based on the Institute’s activities in 2011. Fourth providing the pilot model feedback to the stakeholders and finalizing the model according to an opinion survey. Results: Based on the results obtained, the developed indicators for Pasteur Institute of Iran evaluation were designed in 10 axes and 18 sub-axes, which included 101 major and 58 minor indicators. The axes included governance and leadership, resources and facilities, capacity building, knowledge production and collaborations, reference services, economic value of products and services, participation in industrial exhibitions, status of the institute, satisfaction and institute’s role in health promotion. Conclusion: The indicators presented in this article have been prepared based on the balance in the Institute’s four missions, to provide the basis for assessment of the Institute’s activities in consecutive years, and possibility of comparison with other institutes worldwide.}, Keywords = {Pasteur Institute, Iran, Indicator, Evaluation}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {189-195}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12473.2014 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1125-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1125-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {FarimaniSanoee, Marzieh and Alizamir, Tahereh and Faramarzi, Shamila and Saidijam, Massoud and Yadegarazari, Reza and Shabab, Nooshin and RastgooHaghi, Alireza and Alizadeh, Zohreh}, title = {Effect of Myomectomy on Endometrial Glutathione Peroxidase 3 (GPx3) and Glycodelin mRNA Expression at the Time of the Implantation Window}, abstract ={Background: In fertile women, glycodelin and glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) genes expression rises during the luteal phase, with a peak occurring during the implantation window. The expression of these genes decreases in women with myomas. To determine whether myomectomy would reverse glycodelin and GPx3 expression, we evaluated the transcript levels of these genes in the endometrium of patients before and after myomectomy. Methods: Expression of glycodelin and GPx3 genes were examined prospectively during the midluteal phase in the endometrium obtained from infertile women with myoma (n = 12) before and three months after myomectomy. Endometrial expression of these genes was evaluated using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Results: Endometrial glycodelin mRNA expression levels (normalized to 18S rRNA expression) were increased significantly in endometrium of patients after myomectomy (P = 0.02). GPx3 mRNA expression was increased insignificantly after myomectomy (P = 0.43). Conclusion: The results showed that myomectomy increased endometrial glycodelin (significantly) and GPx3 (not significantly) gene expression after 3 months. Study at different times and detecting expression of these genes can reveal more details.}, Keywords = {Myoma, Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), Endometrium, Glycodelin}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {60-66}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {تاثیر میومکتومی بر بیان اندومتری mRNA گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز 3(GPX3) و گلیکودلین در زمان پنجره لانه گزینی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12222.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1131-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1131-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Doan, Chinh Chung and Le, Thanh Long and Hoang, Nghia Son and Doan, Ngoc Trung and Le, Van Dong and Do, Minh Si}, title = {Differentiation of Umbilical Cord Lining Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Endothelial-Like Cells}, abstract ={Background: Stem cell therapy for the treatment of vascular-related diseases through functional revascularization is one of the most important research areas in tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro differentiation of umbilical CL-MSC into endothelial lineage cells. Methods: In this study, isolated cells were characterized for expression of MSC-specific markers and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. They were induced to differentiate into endothelial-like cells and then examined for expression of the endothelial-specific markers, karyotype, and functional behavior of cells. Results: Isolated cells expressed MSC-specific markers and differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts. After endothelial differentiation, they expressed CD31, vWF, VE-cadherin, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 at both mRNA and protein level, but their morphological changes were not apparent when compared with those of undifferentiated cells. There were no significant changes in karyotype of differentiated cells. Furthermore, angiogenesis assay and LDL uptake assay showed that differentiated cells were able to form the capillary-like structures and uptake LDL, respectively. Conclusion: The results indicated that umbilical CL-MSC could differentiate into functional endothelial-like cells. Also, they are suitable for basic and clinical studies to cure several vascular-related diseases.}, Keywords = {Endothelial differentiation, Endothelial-like cells, Mesenchymal stem cells, Umbilical cord lining membrane}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {67-75}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {Differentiation of Umbilical Cord Lining Membrane-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Endothelial-Like Cells}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12612.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1133-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1133-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Bagheri, Bahador and Sohrabi, Bahram and Movassaghpour, Ali Akbar and Mashayekhi, Simin and Garjani, Afagh and Shokri, Mehriar and Pezeshkian, Masoud and Garjani, Alirez}, title = {Hydrocortisone Reduces Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression on Peripheral CD14+ Monocytes in Patients Undergoing Percutanoues Coronary Intervention}, abstract ={Bacground: Evidence from several lines of investigations suggests that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is involved in atherosclerosis as a bridge between innate and acquired immunity. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can trigger inflammation through activation of human TLR4 (hTLR4) on monocytes. Hydrocortisone as an anti-inflammatory and immuno-suppressant agent has multiple mechanisms of action. In this study, we aimed at assessing the effects of hydrocortisone on monocyte expression and activity of hTLR4 in patients underwent PCI. Methods: Blood samples were taken from a total of 71 patients with chronic stable angina who were scheduled for a PCI, before the intervention. Thirty patients received 100 mg hydrocortisone prior to the procedure. Control group was composed of 41 patients underwent PCI without receiving hydrocortisone. Blood collection was repeated 2 and 4 h after PCI. The expression of hTLR4 on the surface of CD14+ monocytes and the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were measured using flowcytometry and Sandwich ELISA. Results: Compared with controls, hydrocortisone significantly reduced monocyte expression of hTLR4 in test group (P<0.01). In addition, it had a significant effect on reduction of serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β in test group in a time-dependent manner (P<0.01). Conclusion: In this study, hydrocortisone was able to reduce the hTLR4/CD14 positive monocytes and its related pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus it can decrease inflammatory responses following PCI.}, Keywords = {Toll-like receptor 4, Cytokines, Hydrocortisone}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {76-81}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {هیدروکورتیزون سبب کاهش بیان مونوسیتی گیرنده Toll-like 4 در بیماران تحت آنژیوپلاستی می شود}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12752.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1138-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1138-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {LaxmiMadhikarmi, Nirjala and Murthy, Kora Rudraiah Siddaling}, title = {Antioxidant Enzymes and Oxidative Stress in the Erythrocytes of Iron Deficiency Anemic Patients Supplemented with Vitamins}, abstract ={Background: Iron deficiency anemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Evidences from epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible correlation between antioxidant levels and the anemic disease risk. The present work is to investigate antioxidant levels and lipid peroxidation in anemic patients. Methods: A number of 30 patients (15 males and 15 females) were selected for the study. Likewise, 30 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were selected with their informed consent. Patients and healthy subjects were supplemented with vitamins C and E for 15 days. The lipid peroxidation both in plasma and erythrocyte lysates was determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxides. The antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E and total antioxidant activity were also analyzed. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were also determined. Results: Based on analysis, we found that the increase in lipid peroxidation was higher in the anemic subjects before vitamin supplementation, which was statistically significant at P<0.05. The antioxidant enzymes were higher in the patients before antioxidant supplementation when compared with patients after vitamin supplementation. Conclusion: Our data revealed higher oxidative stress before vitamin supplementation in iron deficiency anemic patients and after supplementation, lower lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant vitamins were achieved.}, Keywords = {Iron deficiency anemia, Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {82-87}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {Antioxidant Enzymes and Oxidative Stress in the Erythrocytes of Iron Deficiency Anemic Patients Supplemented with Vitamins}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12282.2013 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1136-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1136-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Christy, Alap L. and Manjrekar, Poornima A. and Babu, Ruby P. and Hegde, Anupama and M.S., Rukmini}, title = {Influence of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Hemoglobin A1C Levels in Diabetic Individuals with Controlled Plasma Glucose Level}, abstract ={Introduction: Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) reflects patient’s glycemic status over the previous 3 months. Previous studies have reported that iron deficiency may elevate A1C concentrations, independent of glycemia. This study is aimed to analyze the effect of iron deficiency anemia on HbA1c levels in diabetic population having plasma glucose levels in control. Methods: Totally, 120 diabetic, iron-deficient anemic individuals (70 females and 50 males) having controlled plasma glucose levels with same number of iron-sufficient non-anemic individuals were streamlined for the study. Their data of HbA1c (Bio-Rad D-10 HPLC analyzer), ferritin (cobas e411 ECLIA hormone analyzer), fasting plasma glucose (FPG, Roche Hitachi P800/917 chemistry analyzer), hemoglobin (Beckman Coulter LH780), peripheral smear examination, red cell indices, and medical history were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out by student’s t-test, Chi-square test, and Pearson’s coefficient of regression. Results: We found elevated HbA1c (6.8 ± 1.4%) in iron-deficient individuals as compared to controls, and elevation was more in women (7.02 ± 1.58%). On further classification on the basis of FPG levels, A1C was elevated more in group having fasting glucose levels between 100-126 mg/dl (7.33 ± 1.55%) compared to the those with normal plasma glucose levels (<100 mg/dl). No significant correlation was found between HbA1c and ferritin and hemoglobin. Conclusion: This study found a positive correlation between iron deficiency anemia and increased A1C levels, especially in the controlled diabetic women and individuals having FPG between 100-126 mg/dl. Hence, before altering the treatment regimen for diabetic patient, presence of iron deficiency anemia should be considered.}, Keywords = {Iron deficiency anemia, Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), Diabetes}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {88-93}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {Influence of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Hemoglobin A1C Levels in Diabetic Individuals with Controlled Plasma Glucose Level}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12572.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1137-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1137-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Zarei, Malek and Sabetkasaei, Masoumeh and MoiniZanjani, Taraneh}, title = {Paroxetine Attenuates the Development and Existing Pain in a Rat Model of Neurophatic Pain}, abstract ={Background: P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), a purinoceptor expressed in activated spinal microglia, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. Spinal nerve injury induces up-regulation of P2X4R on activated microglia in the spinal cord, and blockade of this receptor can reduce neuropathic pain. The present study was undertaken to determine whether paroxetine, an inhibitor of P2X4R, could attenuate allodynia and hyperalgesia in chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain when used preemptively or after the sciatic nerve injury. Methods: Male Wistar rats (150-200 g, n = 6) were divided into 3 different groups: 1- CCI vehicle-treated group, 2- Sham group, and 3- CCI paroxetine-treated group. Paroxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 1 h before surgery and continued daily until day 14. In other part of the study, paroxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered at day 7 post injury and continued daily until day 14. von Frey filaments for mechanical allodynia and analgesia meter for thermal hyperalgesia were used to assay pain behavior. Results: In a preventive paradigm, paroxetine significantly attenuated both mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia (P<0.001). A significant decrease in pain behavior was seen with paroxetine on existing allodynia (P<0.001) and hyperalgesia (P<0.01) when initiated at day 7 post injury. Conclusion: It seems that paroxetine can attenuate pain behavior when administered before and also after sciatic nerve injury in CCI model of neuropathic pain.}, Keywords = {Paroxetine, P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), Allodynia, Hyperalgesia}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {94-100}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثرات پاروکستین درکاهش درد و پیشرفت آن در مدل درد نوروپاتیک در موش صحرایی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12822.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1139-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1139-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Mehri, Soghra and VeisKarami, Hamed and VahdatiHassani, Faezeh and Hosseinzadeh, Hossei}, title = {Chrysin Reduced Acrylamide-Induced Neurotoxicity in Both in vitro and in vivo Assessments}, abstract ={Background: Acrylamide (ACR) is a well-known industrial toxic chemical that produces neurotoxicity, which is characterized by progressive central and peripheral neuronal degeneration. Chrysin is a natural, biologically active flavonoid compound, which is commonly found in many plants. The antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of chrysin have been demonstrated. Methods: In this study, the possible effect of chrysin on ACR-induced toxicity was evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. PC12 cells were used as a suitable in vitro model. Cells were exposed to chrysin (0.5-5 µM) for 12 and 24 h, and then ACR in IC50 concentration was added to the cells. Finally, cell viability was determined using (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium assay. For in vivo assay, Wistar rats were treated with ACR (50 mg/kg i.p. for 11 days) alone or in combination with chrysin (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg). At the end of treatment, behavioral index was evaluated. Results: ACR decreased cell viability and pre-treatment with chrysin (0.5-5 µM) significantly decreased ACR-induced cytotoxicity in the time- and dose-dependent manner. In Wistar rats, exposure to ACR significantly induced severe gait abnormalities, but treatment with chrysin (50 mg/kg) reduced ACR-induced neurotoxicity in animals. Conclusion: In the current study, chrysin exhibited neuroprotective effect on PC12 cells as an in vitro model and also on Wistar rats.}, Keywords = {Acrylamide, Chrysin, Neurotoxicity, Antioxidant}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {101-106}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {کریزین سمیت عصبی ناشی از آکریل آمید را در مطالعات برون تنی و درون تنی کاهش داد}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12912.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1134-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1134-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sarookhani, Mohammad-Reza and Ghasemi-Dashkhasan, Elmira and Heidari-Oranjaghi, Nima and Azhdari-Zarmehri, Hassan and Erami, Elaheh and Hosseini, Sedighe-Sadat}, title = {Effect of Food Deprivation on Formalin-Induced Nociceptive Behaviors and Beta-Endorphin and Sex Hormones Concentration in Rats}, abstract ={Background: The present study examined the possible role of endogenous opioidergic system in effect of food deprivation on formalin-induced nociceptive behaviors in male and female rats. Also, we investigated the effect of food deprivation on the plasma level of beta-endorphin and sex hormones. Methods: Food was withdrawn 48 h prior to performing the formalin test, but water continued to be available ad libitum. The formalin was injected into hind plantar paw. Results: There is significant difference between male and female control rats during phase 2B. Following 48-h food deprivation, both male and female rats exhibited enhanced nociceptive behavior in response to formalin. Food deprivation for 12 and 24 h increased and for 48 h decreased beta-endorphin level in male and female rats. Food deprivation for 24 h decreased testosterone level in male, while it had no significant effect on female rats and food deprivation for 48 h decreased testosterone level in both sexes. Food deprivation for 24 h increased estradiol level in female and that for 48 h had no significant effect on male and female rats. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates the existence of food deprivation for 48 h causes enhancement of nociception in the formalin test in male and female rats that has correlation with decrease in plasma beta-endorphin and testosterone levels.}, Keywords = {Rat, Food Deprivation, beta-endorphin, Naloxone}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {107-113}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثرات محرومیت غذایی بر رفتارهای دردی ناشی از فرمالین و غلظت بتااندورفین و هورمون های جنسی در موش های صحرایی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.12122.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1132-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1132-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Jamali, Solmaz and Eskandari, Nasim and Aryani, Omid and Salehpour, Shadab and Zaman, Talieh and Kamalidehghan, Behnam and Houshmand, Massou}, title = {Three Novel Mutations in Iranian Patients with Tay-Sachs Disease}, abstract ={Background: Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), or GM2 gangliosidosis, is a lethal autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder, which is caused by a deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A (HEXA), resulting in lysosomal accumulation of GM2 ganglioside. The aim of this study was to identify the TSD-causing mutations in‌ an Iranian population. Methods: In this study, we examined 31 patients for TSD-causing mutations using PCR, followed by restriction enzyme digestion. Results: Molecular genetics analysis of DNA from 23 patients of TSD revealed mutations that has been previously reported, including four-base duplications c.1274_1277dupTATC in exon 11 and IVS2+1G>A, deletion TTAGGCAAGGGC in exon 10 as well as a few novel mutations, including C331G, which altered Gln>Glu in HEXB, A>G, T>C, and p.R510X in exon 14, which predicted a termination codon or nonsense mutation. Conclusion: In conclusion, with the discovery of these novel mutations, the genotypic spectrum of Iranian patients with TSD disease has been extended and could facilitate definition of disease-related mutations.}, Keywords = {Tay-Sachs disease, β- hexosaminidase A, β- hexosaminidase B}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {114-119}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {سه جهش جدید در بیماران ایرانی مبتلا به بیماری تای ساکس}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.11372.2013}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1135-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1135-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi-Kalan, Abbas and SoleimaniRad, Jafar and Kafami, Laya and Mohammadnejad, Daryoush and HabibiRoudkenar, Mehryar and Khaki, Amir Afshin and AliyariSerej, Zeynab and MohammadiRoushandeh, Amaneh}, title = {MS14 Down-Regulates Lipocalin2 Expression in Spinal Cord Tissue in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis in Female C57BL/6}, abstract ={Notice of the Full Retraction of the Above-Mentioned Article   Due to the redundant information presented in this paper and the paper published in the Iran Red Crescent Journal: "MS14, a Marine Herbal Medicine, an Immunosuppressive Drug in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.  Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2014 July; 16(7): e16956, the editor/publisher primarily declared a notice of "partial retraction" (dated 26 August, 2020). But since the amount of redundant information was later found very significant (Figure-1 and the graph in Figure-2) and its omission would not leave a credible paper, IBJ was obliged to issue a notice of full retraction on 1 November 2020. The authors are not in agreement with this decision.   Notice of the Partial Retraction of the Above-Mentioned Article   The authors would like to retract Figure 1 from the paper entitled: “MS14 Down-regulates Lipocalin2 Expression in Spinal Cord Tissue in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis in female C57BL/6”. The reason for this partial retraction is the duplicity of this Figure in the addressed paper and the paper entitled: “MS14, a Marine Herbal Medicine, an Immunosuppressive Drug in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis” (Iran Red Crescent Med J, 2014 July; 16(7): e16956). The duplicity was inevitable, as the data was needed for the presentation of the rest of the data in the former paper, whereas the latter paper was not then published. However, considering both papers are published at this time, we would like to retract Figure 1 from the above-addressed paper.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {196-202}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1375.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1490-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1490-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Soleimani, Maryam and Jameie, Seyed Behnamedin and Barati, Mahmood and Mehdizadeh, Mehdi and erdari, Mahdieh}, title = {Effects of Coenzyme Q10 on the ratio of TH1/TH2 in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model of Multiple Sclerosis in C57BL/6}, abstract ={Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is known as a progressive central nervous system inflammatory disease. Certain factors, such as interleukins, inflammatory cells, and oxidative stress are supposed to involve in MS etiology. Because of the important role of oxidative stress, antioxidant therapy for MS has received more attention. Although coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) acts as an antioxidant, there is a lack of enough research on its effects on MS. Therefore, the present research was designed. Methods: C57BL/6 female adult mice (n = 30) were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into trial and control groups. To induce MS, routine procedure for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was used, and scoring was performed based on clinical signs. By detecting score one, CoQ10 administration was started (10 mg/kg/three weeks). By using ELISA and real-time PCR, the brain levels of TNF-gamma, IL-10, IL-4, and IL-12 were studied. Statistical tests were used to analyze the data and the P value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: Clinical symptoms in EAE animals were significantly decreased (P<0.05) as compared to control ones. In addition, the level of the TNF-gamma was significantly decreased following CoQ10 administration versus IL-10. The ratio of TH1/TH2 interleukins in treated animals was significantly less than that in non-treated animals (P<0.01). Conclusion: Our findings showed that CoQ10 is capable of suppressing the inflammatory pathway of MS.}, Keywords = {Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {203-211}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثر کوآنزیم Q10 بر نسبت TH1به TH2 در مدل انسفالومیلیت خود ایمنی تجربی بیماری مالتیپل اسکلروزیز در C57BL/6}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13362.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1165-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1165-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Alerasol, Masoome and MousaviGargari, Seyed Latif and Nazarian, Shahram and Bagheri, Samane}, title = {Immunogenicity of a Fusion Protein Comprising Coli Surface Antigen 3 and Labile B Subunit of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli}, abstract ={Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains are the major causes of diarrheal disease in humans and animals. Colonization factors and enterotoxins are the major virulence factors in ETEC pathogenesis. For the broad-spectrum protection against ETEC, one could focus on colonization factors and non-toxic heat labile as a vaccine candidate. Methods: A fusion protein is composed of a major fimbrial subunit of coli surface antigen 3, and the heat-labile B subunit (LTB) was constructed as a chimeric immunogen. For optimum level expression of protein, the gene was synthesized with codon bias of E. coli. Also, recombinant protein was expressed in E. coli BL21DE3. ELISA and Western tests were carried out for determination of antigen and specificity of antibody raised against recombinant protein in animals. The anti-toxicity and anti-adherence properties of the immune sera against ETEC were also evaluated. Results: Immunological analyses showed the production of high titer of specific antibody in immunized mice. The built-in LTB retains native toxin properties which were approved by GM1 binding assay. Pre-treatment of the ETEC cells with anti-sera significantly decreased their adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: The results indicated the efficacy of the recombinant chimeric protein as an effective immunogen inducing strong humoral response. The designated chimer would be an interesting prototype for a vaccine and worthy of further investigation.}, Keywords = {Recombinant vaccine, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), cstH, eltB}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {212-218}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {ایمنی زائی پروتئین فیوژن متشکل از آنتی ژن سطحی کولی 3 و زیر واحد بتای انتروتوکسین حساس به حرارت از اشریشیاکولی انتروتوکسیژنیک}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1344.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1233-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1233-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Kazemnia, Ali and Ahmadi, Malahat and Dilmaghani, Mahdi}, title = {Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Different Escherichia coli Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Human Urinary Tract Infection and Avian Colibacillosis}, abstract ={Background: The emergence and propagation of different phylogenetic groups of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli have become a worldwide health concern in human and veterinary medicine. Therefore, the evaluation of the phylogenetic distribution of antibiotic-resistant E. coli is important for therapeutic and economic purposes. The aims of this study were to determine phylogenetic groups and patterns of antibiotic resistance of E. coli strains isolated from human urinary tract infection and avian colibacillosis. Methods: A total of 50 E. coli isolates (25 from human urinary tract infection and 25 from avian colibacillosis) were characterized by culture and assigned as different phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2, and D) by triplex PCR assay. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to assess the susceptibility of all isolates to ten antibiotics. Results: Results showed that the majority of the human and poultry isolates belonged to phylogenetic groups A and B2 and phylogenetic group B1 of the avian pathogenic strain isolates were the most drug-resistant isolates. Most of the isolates were resistant to at least five antibiotics, and multiple drug resistance was observed in 98% of E. coli isolates. A high degree of resistance was seen against penicillin and erythromycin. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, multidrug-resistance among isolates and high relation between phylogenetic groups and resistance in both human and poultry isolates were observed.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, Avian colibacillosis, Phylogenetic grouping}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {219-224}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {الگوی مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی گروه‌های مختلف فیلوژنتیکی اشریشیاکلی جدا شده از عفونت مجرای ادرار انسان و کلی‌باسیلوز پرندگان}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1394.2014 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1166-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1166-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Najafipour, Hamid and SiahposhtKhachaki, Ali and Khaksari, Mohammad and Shahouzehi, Beydolah and Joukar, Siyavash and Poursalehi, Hamid Rez}, title = {Traumatic Brain Injury Has Not Prominent Effects on Cardiopulmonary Indices of Rat after 24 Hours: Hemodynamic, Histopathology, and Biochemical Evidence}, abstract ={Background: Accidents are the second reason for mortality and morbidity in Iran. Among them, brain injuries are the most important damage. Clarification of the effects of brain injuries on different body systems will help physicians to prioritize their treatment strategies. In this study, the effect of pure brain trauma on the cardiovascular system and lungs 24 hours post trauma was assessed. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into sham control and traumatic brain injury (TBI) groups. In TBI animals, under deep anesthesia, a blow to the head was induced by the fall of a 450 g weight from 2 m height. Twenty four hours later, heart electrocardiogram and functional indices, cardiac troponin I, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-Ibeta in tissue and serum, and the histopathology of heart and lung were assessed. Results: The results showed that none of the functional, biochemical, inflammatory, and histopathology indices was statistically different between the two groups at 24 hours post TBI. Indices of impulse conduction velocity in atrium (P wave duration and P-R interval) were significantly longer in the TBI group. Conclusion: Overall, no important functional and histopathologic disturbances were found in heart and lung of TBI group after 24 hours. If the data is reproduced in human studies, the medical team could allocate their priority to treatment of brain disorders of the victim in the first 24 hours of pure TBI and postpone extensive assessment of heart and lung health indices to later time, thus reducing patient and health system expenditures.}, Keywords = {Brain injury (TBI), Cardiopulmonary, Myocardial contraction, Cytokines}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {225-231}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {آسیب ترومایی مغزی اثر برجسته ای بر شاخص های قلبی-ریوی موش صحرایی بعد از 24 ساعت ندارد: شواهد همودینامیک،هیستوپاتولوژی و بیوشیمیایی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13222.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1167-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1167-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Panahpour, Hamdollah and Nekooeian, Ali Akbar and Dehghani, Gholam Abbas}, title = {Candesartan Attenuates Ischemic Brain Edema and Protects the Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats}, abstract ={Background: Angiotensin II (Ang II) has an important role on cerebral microcirculation however, its direct roles in terms of ischemic brain edema need to be clarified. This study evaluated the role of central Ang II by using candesartan, as an AT1 receptor blocker, in the brain edema formation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries in rat. Methods: Rats were exposed to 60-min middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Vehicle and non-hypotensive doses of candesartan (0.1 mg/kg) were administered one hour before ischemia. Neurological dysfunction scoring was evaluated following 24 h of reperfusion. Animals were then decapitated under deep anesthesia for the assessments of cerebral infarct size, edema formation, and BBB permeability. Results: The outcomes of 24 h reperfusion after 60-min MCA occlusion were severe neurological disability, massive BBB disruption (Evans blue extravasation = 12.5 ± 1.94 µg/g tissue), 4.02% edema, and cerebral infarction (317 ± 21 mm3). Candesartan at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, without changing arterial blood pressure, improved neurological dysfunction scoring together with significant reductions in BBB disruption (54.9%), edema (59.2%), and cerebral infarction (54.9%). Conclusions: Inactivation of central AT1 receptors, if not accompanied with arterial hypotension, protected cerebral micro-vasculatures from damaging effects of acute stroke.}, Keywords = {Blood–brain barrier, Brain edema, AT1 receptor, Candesartan}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {232-238}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {کندسارتان ادم ایسکمیک مغزی را کاهش داده و از سد خونی- مغزی در برابر آسیب ناشی از ایسکمی – ریپرفیوژن در موش صحرایی محافظت می کند}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = { 10.6091/ibj.13672.2014 }, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ghahari, Laya and Safari, Manouchehr and Joghataei, Mohamad Taghi and Mehdizadeh, Mehdi and Soleimani, Mansoureh}, title = {Effect of Combination Therapy Using Hypothermia and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in a Rat Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model}, abstract ={Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death. Hypothermia has been recognized as an effective method in reducing brain injury. In this study, we assessed the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a neuroprotective agent and mild hypothermia on mortality, behavioral function, infarct volume, and brain edema in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty male rats were used in five groups (eight rats in each group): control, hypothermy, G-CSF, combination hypothermy + CSF, and sham. Rats were anesthetized by injection of chloral hydrate (400 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Transient cerebral ischemia was induced by 60-min intraluminal occlusion of left middle cerebral artery. Hypothermia, initiated at the time of reperfu‌sion and G-CSF was started one hour after reperfusion at a dose of 15 mg/kg subcutaneously. The motor behavior was measured using Garcia’s index and animals were assigned for the assessments of infarction, brain swelling, and mortality rate. Results: The mortality was 38.46% (control group) and reduced in other groups. Neurological deficit score of control group (40.31 ± 1.56) was significantly lower than in treatment groups. The total cerebral infarct volume of treatment group was significantly lower than control group (43.96 ± 44.05 mm3). Treatment with hypothermy plus G-CSF (2.69 ± 0.24%) could significantly reduce brain swelling volume than other treatment groups. Conclusion: Our major finding is that mild hypothermic treatment plus G-CSF significantly reduced mortality rate and edema and improved neurological function. The results suggest that the combination of hypothermia and G-CSF is more effectively than other treatment groups being used alone.}, Keywords = {Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), Rats, Brain ischemia, Hypothermia}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {239-244}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثر درمان توام هیپوترمی و فاکتور محرک کولونی گرانولوسیت در ایسکمی انسدادی گذرا شریان مغزی میانی رات}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13852.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1170-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1170-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Hashemi, Mohammad and Omrani, Mohsen and Eskandari-Nasab, Ebrahim and Hasani, Seyed-Shahaboddin and Mashhadi, Mohammad Ali and Taheri, Mohse}, title = {A 40-bp Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism of Murine Double Minute2 (MDM2) Increased the Risk of Breast Cancer in Zahedan, Southeast Iran}, abstract ={Background: MDM2 (Murine Double Minute2) is an oncoprotein that inhibits the P53 activity. Overexpression of MDM2 gene has been reported in several human tumors. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of 40-bp insertion/deletion (ins/del) polymorphism on the promoter of MDM2 and susceptibility to breast cancer in a sample of Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 236 patients with breast cancer and 203 healthy individuals. Genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood by the salting-out method. The 40-bp ins/del polymorphism was determined by using polymerase chain reaction. Results: The findings indicated that MDM2 ins/del variant increased the risk of breast cancer in co-dominant- (odds ratio [OR] = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.14-3.85, P = 0.018, del/del vs. ins/ins), dominant- (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.02-2.18, P = 0.038, ins/del + del/del vs. ins/ins), and recessive- (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.03-3.34, P = 0.038, del/del vs. ins/ins + ins/del) tested inheritance models. The del allele increased the risk of breast cancer (OR= 1.48, 95% CI=1.11-1.98, P=0.008) compared with ins allele. Conclusions: Our result revealed that 40-bp ins/del polymorphism in the promoter of MDM2 increased the risk of breast cancer in an Iranian population. Further investigations with larger sample sizes and diverse ethnicities are needed to verify our findings.}, Keywords = {Breast cancer, Murine Double Minute2 (MDM2), Polymorphism}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {245-249}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {یک پلی مورفیسم الحاق/حذف 40 جفت بازی در ژن دابل مینت موشی2 (MDM2 ) سبب افزایش خطر سرطان پستان در زاهدان, جنوب شرقی ایران می گردد}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.13332.2014}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2014} }