@article{ author = {Khalaj, Vahi}, title = {A Message from New Editor-in-Chief}, abstract ={  ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................                           Hello and welcome to the new volume of Iranian Biomedical Journal. The Journal is now 19 years old and I am honored to serve as the new editor-in-chief.     I would like to, hereby, sincerely thank the founding Editor, Professor Mohsen Abolhassani, for all his sincere efforts during these years. I am confident that he will be remembered for his excellent editorship. Also I would like to thank the editorial board members as well as the reviewers who were sincerely involved in the past editorial process.   It is clear that the demands from both readers and authors are rapidly changing and scientific communities are aiming for higher standards. My primary goal as editor-in-chief is to improve the quality of IBJ publications in terms of scientific content. Consequently, we will primarily focus on new advances in the field. The new editorial team and I hope to provide a productive, well-justified and timely review process.    We look forward to your leading-edge scientific submission, which will promote IBJ in every aspect.   Vahid Khalaj, Ph.D.          }, Keywords = {}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {A Message from New Editor-in-Chief}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1373-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1373-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Khodapasand, Ehsan and Jafarzadeh, Narges and Farrokhi, Farid and Kamalidehghan, Behnam and Houshmand, Massou}, title = {Is Bax/Bcl-2 Ratio Considered as a Prognostic Marker with Age and Tumor Location in Colorectal Cancer?}, abstract ={Background: Bax and Bcl-2 are the major members of Bcl-2 family whose play a key role in tumor progression or inhibition of intrinsic apoptotic pathway triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic members of this family can determine the cellular fate. Methods: In this study, the relative level of mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 genes was determined using RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis and RT-qPCR technique from 22 tumoral tissues and adjacent non-tumoral tissues from adenocarcinoma colorectal cancer. Results: The potential prognostic and predictive significance of Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were demonstrated in colorectal cancer. The significant correlation between qPCR data and different clinicopathologic parameters of colorectal carcinoma, including age, gender, tumor size, tumor stage, tumor location, and tumor differentiation was also examined. Interestingly, no significant correlation was seen between Bax and Bcl-2 expressions and clinicopathological parameters of colorectal cancer. However, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was statistically correlated with age and tumor location. Patients with age above 50 showed decreased levels of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly lower in tumors resected from colon compared to sigmoid colon, rectosigmoid and rectum tumors. Conclusion: This study indicates a significant correlation between age and tumor location with Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio, suggesting predictive value as a potential molecular marker of colorectal cancer.}, Keywords = {Colorectal cancer, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, Bax expression, Bcl-2 expression}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {69-75}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {آیا نسبت Bax/Bcl-2 به عنوان نشانگر پیش آگهی با سن و محل تومور در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان روده بزرگ در نظر گرفته می شود؟}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1366.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1313-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1313-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Gharishvandi, Fatemeh and Kazerouni, Faranak and Ghanei, Esmat and Rahimipour, Ali and Nasiri, Malihe}, title = {Comparative Assessment of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Cystatin C as Early Biomarkers for Early Detection of Renal Failure in Patients with Hypertension}, abstract ={Background: Hypertension is one the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). One of the major concerns in hypertensive patients is early detection of renal disorders. In the past, serum creatinine (Scr) concentration was used as a marker of kidney function, but it proffers a late reflection of reduced glomerular filtration rate. Cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) have been recently proven to be useful for quantification of CKD. Therefore, we compared the diagnostic value of NGAL with cystatin C and creatinine to evaluate kidney function in hypertensive patients. Methods: In this study, 42 hypertensive patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited. Serum cystatin C (Scys C) and plasma NGAL were measured using ELISA method. Creatinine, urea, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein were measured according to the routine methods. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was considered as the gold standard method (cut-off value of < 78 ml/min/1.73 m2. Results: In the patient group, plasma NGAL, cystatin C, and creatinine were all significantly correlated with eGFR, and plasma NGAL correlated best with eGFR. Receiver-operating characteristics analysis indicated that plasma NGAL was a better indicator than creatinine and cystatin C for predicting a GFR < 78 ml.min.1.73 m2. The sensitivity and specificity for NGAL were 96% and 100%, for cystatin C were 92% and 60% and for creatinine were 76% and 47%, respectively. Conclusion: Plasma NGAL demonstrated a higher diagnostic value to detect kidney impairment in the early stages of CKD as compared to Scys C and Scr in hypertensive patients.}, Keywords = {Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), Cystatin C, Creatinine, Hypertension}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {76-81}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {بررسی مقایسه ای نوتروفیل ژلاتیناز مرتبط با لیپوکالین (NGAL) و سیستاتین C به عنوان بیومارکرهای زود هنگام در تشخیص نارسایی کلیوی در بیماران با فشار خون بالا}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = { 10.6091/ibj.1380.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1314-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1314-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Eftekhar-Vaghefi, Seyed Hassan and Zahmatkesh, Leila and Salehinejad, Parvin and Totonchi, Shahin and Shams-Ara, Ali}, title = {Evaluation of Neurogenic Potential of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Cells a Time- and Concentration- Dependent Manner}, abstract ={Background: Retinoic acid as one of the most important regulators for cell differentiation was examined in this study for differentiation of human umbilical mesenchymal cells (hUCM). Methods: After isolation, hUCM were evaluated for mesenchymal stem cell properties by flow cytometry and alkaline phosphatase assay. Also, doubling time of the cells and their differentiation potential into adipogenic and osteogenic cells were tested. hUCM were then cultured with different concentrations of retinoic acid, and on days 1, 7, and 12, the percentage of differentiated cells was determined by immunostaining for nestin, anti-microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) markers. Results: The isolated cells were negative for the hematopoietic markers and positive for the mesenchymal markers. They showed the population doubling time 60 ± 3 hours and differentiated into osteogenic and adipogenic cells. A descending trend in nestin and an ascending trend in MAP2, GAD, and GABA expression were observed from the first day until the last day between different concentrations of retinoic acid. Conclusion: hUCM cells may have the potential to differentiate into neural cells in the presence of different incubation period and concentration of retinoic acid.}, Keywords = {Cell differentiation, Neural stem cells, Retinoic acid}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {82-90}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {ارزیابی توان تولید سلول نرونی سلولهای مزانشیمال بندناف انسان: یک روش وابسته به غلظت و زمان}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1452.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1322-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1322-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Kharazmi, Fatemah and Soltani, Nepton and Rezaei, Sana and Keshavarz, Mansoor and Farsi, Leil}, title = {Role of GABAB Receptor and L-Arg in GABA- Induced Vasorelaxation in Non-diabetic and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Vessels}, abstract ={Background: Hypertension is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients. The present study was designed to determine the role of gamma amino butyric acid B (GABAB) receptor and L-arginine (L-Arg) in GABA-induced vasorelaxation in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat vessels. Methods: Diabetes was induced by a single i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). Eight weeks later, superior mesenteric arteries of all groups were isolated and perfused according to the McGregor method. Results: Baseline perfusion pressure of STZ diabetic rats was significantly higher than non-diabetic rats in both intact and denuded endothelium. In the presence of faclofen, a selective GABAB receptor blocker, GABA-induced relaxation in intact and denuded endothelium mesenteric beds of STZ diabetic rats was suppressed, but this response in non-diabetic rats was not suppressed. Our results showed that in the presence of L-Arg, a nitric oxide precursor, GABA induced vasorelaxation in both diabetic and non-diabetic vessels. Conclusion: From the results of this study, it may be concluded that the vasorelaxatory effect of GABA in diabetic vessel is mediated by the GABAB receptor and nitric oxide, but it seems that in non-diabetic vessel GABAB receptor does not play any role in GABA-induced vasorelaxation, but nitric oxide induced GABA relaxation in non-diabetic vessel.}, Keywords = {Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), Diabetes, GABAB receptor}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {91-95}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {نقش گیرنده های گابا B و ال آرزنینین در گشادی عروقی القا شده توسط گابا در عروق رتهای غیر دیابتی و دیابتی القا شده توسط استرپتوزوتوسین}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1461.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1317-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1317-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {MohammadiRoushandeh, Amaneh and Salehi, Iraj and Mortazavi, Motahareh}, title = {Protective Effects of Restricted Diet and Antioxidants on Testis Tissue in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet}, abstract ={Background: A high-fat diet (HFD) and fat accumulation promote the oxidative stress formation, which in turn has hazardous effects on reproductive system and fertility. Therefore, the present study examines the potential positive effects of a restricted high-fat diet (RHFD) and antioxidants consumption on sperm parameters in rats. Methods: 48 male albino wistar rats divided to four groups (n=12) control group (Cont), HFD group, RHFD, and RHFD with astaxanthin and vitamins E and C group (RHFDA). The animals were weighted during the experiment. After 12 weeks, the rats were sacrified, blood samples were collected from inferior vena cava for serum analysis and epidydimal semen was prepared to study sperm parameters with routine protocols. Also, testes were fixed in 10% formalin and 5µ sections were stained with Hematoxilin and Eosin to study the histological changes. A one-way ANOVA was used to compare the data. Results: After 12 weeks, HFD fed animals presented significant increase in weight load and serum LDL-C levels (P < 0.05). The sperm count in RHFD was lower than three other groups (P < 0.05) as well as sperm motility of RHFDA group was significantly higher than HFD and RHFD groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, histological study was showed a significant increase in number of spermatogonium in RHFDA compared to three other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, the number of spermatocyte I and spermatid in RHFD were lower than Cont and HFD groups, significantly (P < 0.05). The sertoli cell number did not change significantly among different groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The results reported herein showed that HFD and obesity can affect sperm and spermatogenesis and antioxidants consumption may improve its quality. Although the RHFD is a benefit way in weight loss and decrease of LDL-C of serum, but it is suggested that is not effective on sperm quality improvement. However, it needs more studies in this field.}, Keywords = {Spermatogenesis, high-fat Diet, Restricted fat diet, Antioxidants, Astaxanthin}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {96-101}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1398.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1346-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1346-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Babaeipour, Valiollah and Khanchezar, Sirwan and Mofid, Mohammad Reza and PesaranHagiAbbas, Mahdi}, title = {Efficient Process Development of Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (rh-GCSF) Production in Escherichia coli}, abstract ={Background: The protein hormone granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) stimulates the production of white blood cells and plays an important role in medical treatment of cancer patients. Methods: An efficient process was developed for heterologous expression of human GCSF in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The feeding rate was adjusted to achieve the maximum attainable specific growth rate under critical value. In this method, specific growth rate was maintained at the maximum value of 0.55 h-1 at the beginning of feeding to 0.4 h-1 at the induction time. Recombinant human GCSF (rh-GCSF) was produced as inclusion body. At first, inclusion bodies were released by cell disruption and then washed, solubilized and refolded. Finally, the rh-GCSF was purified by cation exchange chromatography. Results: Obviouly, higher specific growth rate decreases process time and consequently increases productivity. The final concentration of biomass and GCSF was achieved 126 g DCW.l-1 and 32.1 g.l-1. Also, the final specific yield (YP/X) and total productivity of rh-GCSF were obtained 254 mg.g-1 DCW and 1.83 g.l-1.h-1, respectively. According to the available data, this is one of the highest YP/X and productivity that has been reported for any human protein which is expressed in E. coli. Recovery yield of purification process was %40 and purity of recombinant protein was over than 99%. The circular dichroism spectra of purified rh-GCSF, Neupogen® and PD-Grastim showed that all proteins have a similar secondary structure. Conclusion: Modified exponential feeding strategy for fed-batch cultivation of recombinant E. coli, results in minimum fed-batch duration and maximum productivity.}, Keywords = {Escherichia coli, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), Process development}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {102-110}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {توسعه فرایند کارآمد تولید GCSF نوترکیب انسانی در اشرشیا کلی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.6091/ibj.1338.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1332-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1332-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Karimi, Ali Asghar and Ajami, Marjan and Asadi, Yasin and Aboutaleb, Nahid and Gorjipour, Fazel and Malekloo, Roya and Pazoki-Toroudi, Hamidrez}, title = {Improvement of Tissue Survival of Skin Flaps by 5α-Reductase Inhibitors: Possible Involvement of Nitric Oxide and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase}, abstract ={Background: Skin flap grafting is a popular approach for reconstruction of critical skin and underlying soft tissue injuries. In a previous study, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of two 5α-reductase inhibitors, azelaic acid and finasteride, on tissue survival in a rat model of skin flap grafting. In the current study, we investigated the involvement of nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in graft survival mediated by these agents. Methods: A number of 42 male rats were randomly allocated into six groups: 1, normal saline topical application 2, azelaic acid (100 mg/flap) 3, finasteride (1 mg/flap) 4, injection of L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (i.p., 20 mg/kg) 5, L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) + azelaic acid (100 mg/flap, topical) 6, L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) + finasteride (1 mg/flap, topical). Tissue survival, level of nitric oxide, and iNOS expression in groups were measured. Results: Our data revealed that azelaic acid and finasteride significantly increased the expression of iNOS protein and nitric oxide (NO) levels in graft tissue (P < 0.05). These increases in iNOS expression and NO level were associated with higher survival of the graft tissue. Conclusion: It appears that alterations of the NO metabolism are implicated in the azelaic acid- and finasteride-mediated survival of the skin flaps.}, Keywords = {Finasteride, Azelaic acid, Surgical flaps, Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthase Type II}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {111-116}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {بهبود بقای بافتی فلاپ های پوستی با مهارکننده های 5-آلفا ردوکتاز: مشارکت احتمالی نیتریک اکسید و نیتریک اکسید سنتاز القایی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = { 10.6091/ibj.1408.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1328-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1328-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} } @article{ author = {Shirpoor, Alireza and Norouzi, Leila and Nemati, Samira and KhademAnsari, Mohammad Has}, title = {Protective Effect of Vitamin E against Diabetes-Induced Oxidized LDL and Aorta Cell Wall Proliferation in Rat}, abstract ={Background: Hyperlipidemia and oxidized-low-density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) are important independent cardiovascular risk factors that have been shown to stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E on Ox-LDL, lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), and VSMC proliferation of rat aorta. Methods: Male Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups namely: sham (SH), control (C), non-treated diabetic, and vitamin E-treated diabetic (VETD) groups. Ox-LDL, lipid profile, CRP and VSMC proliferation of aorta were measured after 42 days. Results: The results revealed that along with a significant increase in VSMC proliferation, the amount of CRP, Ox-LDL, and lipid profiles in diabetic rats. VSMC proliferation was significantly ameliorated, and elevated CRP, Ox-LDL, and lipid profiles were also restored to those of shams in VETD. Conclusions: These findings strongly support the idea that diabetes induces Ox-LDL-mediated oxidative stress and VSMC proliferation in aorta of rat and imply that vitamin E has a strong protective effect as an antioxidant.}, Keywords = {Ox-LDL, Vitamin E, Diabetes, VSMC proliferation}, volume = {19}, Number = {2}, pages = {117-123}, publisher = {Pasteur Institute of Iran}, title_fa = {اثر محافظتی ویتامین E بر علیه لیپوپروتئین با دانسیته پایین اکسید شده و پرولیفراسیون سلولهای عضله صاف رگ آئورت ناشی از دیابت در موش صحرائی}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = { 10.6091/ibj.1449.2015}, url = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1327-en.html}, eprint = {http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-1327-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Biomedical Journal}, issn = {1028-852X}, eissn = {2008-823X}, year = {2015} }