Iranian Biomedical Journal

en تمایز سلول های بنیادی مشتق شده از بافت چربی به سلول های شبه عصبی بیان کننده نوروتروفین ها تحت القاء سلژلین Trans-differentiation of the Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells into Neuron-Like Cells Expressing Neurotrophins by Selegiline Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: Adult stem cells (ASC) are undifferentiated cells found throughout the body. These cells are promising tools for cell replacement therapy in neurodegenerative disease. Adipose tissue is the most abundant and accessible source of ASC. This study was conducted to evaluate effect of selegiline on differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) into functional neuron-like cells (NLC), and also level of the neurotrophin expression in differentiated cells. Methods: ADSC were transdifferentiated into NLC using selegiline where CD90, CD49d, CD31, CD106 and CD45 were used as markers for ADSC identification. Lipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of ADSC were used to characterize the ADSC. ADSC were treated with selegiline at different concentrations (from 10-6 to 10-11 mM) and time points (3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h). Percentage of viable cells, nestin and neurofilament 68 (NF-68) immunoreactive cells were used as markers for differentiation. The optimal dose for neurotrophin expressions in differentiating cells was evaluated using reverse transcriptase-PCR. NLC function was evaluated by loading and unloading with FM1-43 dye. Results: ADSC were immunoreactive to CD90 (95.67 ± 2.26), CD49d (71.52 ± 6.64) and CD31 (0.6 ± 0.86), but no immunoreactivity was detected for CD106 and CD45. The results of neural differentiation rative diseases using selegiline to induce ADSC differentiation to neuronal lineage.showed the highest percentage of nestin and NF-68 positive cells at 10-9 mM concentration of selegiline (exposed for 24 h). The differentiated cells expressed synapsin and neurotrophin genes except b<span style="FONT-STYLE: normal mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi">rain-derived neurotrophic factor. Conclusion: ADSC can be an alternative source in cell-based therapy for neurodegene Selegiline, Neurotrophin, Transdifferentiation 113 121 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-329&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Alireza Abdanipour علیرضا عبدانی پور No Taki Tiraihi تقی طریحی takialtr@modares.ac.ir Yes AliReza Delshad علیرضا دلشاد No

en تاثیر آسیب مولکول DNA بر فراوانی انیوپلوییدی کروموزومی در اسپرم مردان سالم و بیماران مشکوک به ناباروری Impact of DNA Damage on the Frequency of Sperm Chromosomal Aneuploidy in Normal and Subfertile Men Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: Various frequencies of sperm aneuploidy are reported in sperms of subfertile patients compared to normal individuals. Moreover, sperm DNA damage is shown to be associated with male infertility. In this study, the rate of DNA damage and frequencies of aneuploidy in sperms of subfertile patients was investigated. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from healthy normal and subfertile (oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenozoospermia) men. The frequency of aneuploidy was assessed using primed in situ labeling (PRINS) analysis with specific primers for chromosomes 18, 21, X, and Y. Sperm DNA damage was assessed using alkaline comet assay. Results: The mean frequencies of disomy for the patients were significantly higher than normal for all chromosomes (P<0.01). The extent of DNA damage in sperms of subfertiles was significantly higher than in normal individuals (P<0.001). The obtained results indicated that higher rate of DNA damages led to higher frequency of chromosomal disomy except for asthenozoospermia samples which exhibited higher rate of DNA damage and lower frequency of chromosomal disomy. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that men with oligozoospermia and oligoasthenozoospermia have an elevated risk for chromosome abnormalities in their sperm, particularly sex chromosomes. DNA damage might be involved in the process of malsegregation of chromosomes. Asthenozoospermia, DNA damage, Primed in situ labeling (PRINS), Comet assay 122 129 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-323&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hamid Alizadeh Nili حمید علیزاده نیلی No Hossein Mozdarani حسین مزدرانی mozdarah@modares.ac.ir Yes Franck Pellestor Franck Pellestor No

en القائ مرگ سلولی اپوپتوزیس و غیر اپوپتوزیس در رده سلول سرطانی کارسینومای پستان Mcf-7)) توسط سیس پلاتین و کافیین Induction of Apoptosis and Non-Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7) by Cisplatin and Caffeine Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: Molecular targeted therapy by different cell death inducers are recently considered in cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of cisplatin and inositol trisphosphate kinase inhibitor (caffeine) on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The pattern of cell death in MCF-7 cells following the exposure to cisplatin and caffeine in individual and combination forms was characterized. Methods: MCF-7cells at late exponential phase were divided into two groups: control and experimental groups. Experimental group was exposed to cisplatin, caffeine and combination of them and control group was treated by vehicle. Forty-eight hours after incubation, floating and attached cells were collected separately. Flowcytometry analysis and electron microscopy were carried out on both attached and floating cells. Results: Two types of apoptotic and non-apoptotic cells were observed in the floating cells as well as in sub G1 cells of both experimental and control groups by electron microscopy. Both early and late stages of apoptosis were characterized and the attached cells remained unaffected. Conclusion: Although two different forms of cell death (apoptosis and non-apoptosis) were appeared in MCF-7 following exposure to cisplatin and caffeine, apoptosis was the major mechanism of cell death. The combination form of anti-cancer drugs with different mechanisms could decrease the dosage of employed anti-cancer drugs. Cisplatin, Caffeine, Apoptosis 130 133 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-324&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Behrooz Niknafs بهروز نیک نفس niknafsbeh@yahoo.com Yes

en اثرات ضد اکسیدانی و ضد رادیکالی مشتقات Yakuchinone B در کاهش لیپوفاسین در سلول های نوروبلاستوما تیمار شده با هیدروژن پراکسید Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Yakuchinone B Derivatives in Reduction of Lipofuscin Formation Using H2O2-Treated Neuroblastoma Cells Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: The progressive accumulation of misfolded and aggregated proteins in neurons is an accepted mechanism in aging. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), referred to as oxidative stress, is currently believed to play a pivotal role in this process. Lipofuscin as a histological index of aging results from cross-links between oxidized proteins and lipids. Therefore, to attenuate lipofuscin formation, it would be logical to use exogenous natural or synthetic antioxidants. Yakuchinone B (1-[4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl]-7-phenylhept-1-en-3-one) is a component of Alpinia oxyphylla seeds with established antioxidant activity. Methods: To evaluate the neuroprotective roles of yakuchinone B (JC6) and its structural analogues (JC1-JC5), the free radical scavenging capabilities of yakuchinone B derivatives were studied in terms of cell viability, apoptosis, cells ROS content, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the intracellular lipofuscin content in SK-N-MC cells exposed to H2O2. The level of MDA (malondialdehyde), as an index of lipid peroxidation and acid phosphatase activity were also measured. Results: Our results indicated that derivatives especially JC4, JC5 and JC6 decreased the extent of apoptosis and ROS level, while they increased the activities of SOD and CAT in drug-pretreated cells as compared to H2O2-treated cells. A clear relationship between the structure and antioxidant activities of these compounds was established. In addition, JC4, JC5 and JC6 were capable of down-regulating the formation of MDA and lipofuscin. Conclusion: Our results indicated that free radicals play significant roles in lipofuscin formation and cellular aging which can be attenuated by yakuchinone B derivatives. Aging, Lipofuscin, Reactive oxygen species (ROS), Yakuchinone B 134 142 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-328&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Samaneh Bayati سمانه بیاتی No Razieh Yazdanparast راضیه یزدان پرست yazdan@ibb.ut.ac.ir Yes

en اثرات ترکیبی پردنیزولون و اینترلوکین4 غضروف بینی گاو را از تخریب القاء شده با اینترلوکین 1 آلفا حفاظت می کند Combination Effects of Prednisolone and Interleukin-4 Protect Bovine Nasal Cartilage Explants from Interleukin-1α Induced Degradation Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: Current treatments for joint diseases are moderately successful, but unfortunately are associated with significant side effects. This study was undertaken to investigate the combination effects of IL-4 and prednisolone on tissue characteristics and production of matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) in IL-lα-treated bovine nasal cartilage (BNC) explants. Methods: BNC explants were cultured in DMEM with IL-lα (10 ng/ml), IL-4 (50 ng/ml) and prednisolone (1 or 1,000 nM) at the same time for 28 days. At days 3, 7, 14, 21and 28, the media were collected and replaced with fresh media, and the removed media were stored at -20°C. The alterations of tissue characteristics were assessed by using histology techniques. Western-blot method was used to determine the effects of IL-4 and prednisolone combination on MMP-1 production. The cell viability was evaluated by using lactate dehydrogenase assay test. Results: In the presence of IL-lα alone, most chondrocytes were transformed into fibroblast-like morphology with pyknotic nuclei at day 28. In addition, a clear band of MMP-1 and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation were observed. In combination of IL-4 and prednisolone, chondrocytes preserved their ordinary normal features. MMP-1 band formation was completely inhibited and ECM absolutely showed normal characteristics. IL-4 and prednisolone did not show cytotoxicity effects on BNC explant culture. Conclusion: This combination can strongly preserve cartilage from degradation features and the data possibly suggest that the combination of IL-4 and prednisolone could be a candidate for alternative therapy in joint diseases. Chondrocytes, Prednisolone, Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) 143 150 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-326&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Yadegari مریم یادگاری No Mahmoud Orazizadeh محمود اوراضی زاده M_orazizadeh@yahoo.com Yes Mahmoud Hashemitabar محمود هاشمی تبار No Ali Khodadadi علی خدادادی No

en بیان پایین MT1 و MT2 در مواجهه با EMF در بیضه موش Down-Regulation of Metallothionein 1 and 2 after Exposure to Electromagnetic Field in Mouse Testis Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: It is proved that testis is sensitive to electromagnetic field (EMF) and its damage results in infertility. Exposure to EMF induces reactive oxygen species production and affects on anti-oxidants defense mechanisms. Metallothionein (MT) is a name for a group of low molecular weight (6-7 kDa), sulfhydryl rich proteins. Expression of MT1 and MT2 genes in testis tissue after EMF exposure was aimed in this study. Methods: Male BALB/c mice (8 weeks old) were exposed to 3 MT EMF for 8 weeks, 4 hours/day. After 8 weeks, the mice were sacrificed and the testis tissue was removed. The testis pieces were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed under an optical microscope. Assessment of MT1 and MT2 genes and also protein expression was performed by real-time PCR and Western-blot, respectively. Results: In light microscopic observation, the number of primary spermatocytes was increased significantly in EMF group (P<0.01). In addition, in interstitial space, the number of leydig cells was increased significantly in EMF group (P<0.01) and basement membrane thickness was increased as well. MT1 and MT2 genes were down-regulated significantly in testis tissue of mice exposed to EMF both in mRNA and protein level compared to control. Conclusion: It is clear that MT is mediated in testis development and spermatogenesis. Down-regulation of MT1 and MT2 after EMF in mouse testis might be followed by some consequences that result in infertility. Testis, Metallothionein (MT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) 151 156 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-327&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan عباس ابراهیمی کلان No Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar مهریار حبیبی رودکنار No Raheleh Halabian راحله حلبیان No Peiman Broki Milan پیمان بروکی میلان No Armin Zarrintan آرمین زرین تن No Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh آمنه محمدی روشنده a.mohammadiroshandeh@umsha.ac.ir Yes

en مطالعه مورفومتریک سلولهای PSA-NCAM مثبت در هیپوکامپ نوزادان رت بدنبال القاء تشنج در دوره بارداری Morphometrical Study of Polysialylated Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule Positive Cells in Rat Pups Hippocampus Following Induction of Seizure during Pregnancy Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background:The polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) is expressed in developing brain. Fetal brain damage is caused by different conditions such as seizure and hypoxia. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of maternal seizures on the number of PSA-NCAM positive cells in pup's hippocampus. Methods: Female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (a) kindled rats which received PTZ (40 mg/kg, i.p.) during pregnancy from embryonic day 14-19 (E14-E19) every 48 h, (b) kindled rats which did not receive PTZ during pregnancy, (c) non-kindle, pregnant rats which received PTZ injection (40 mg/kg, i.p.) during pregnancy from E14 to E19 every 48 h, and (d) non-kindle, pregnant rats which received injection with an equal volume of normal saline as sham controls. At postnatal day 14 (PD14), rat pups were perfused, and their brain were fixed, embedded and coronal sections stained by immunohistochemistry method. The number of PSA-NCAM positive cells per unit area in the pup's hippocampus was counted. Results: The number of PSA-NCAM positive cells in the CA1, CA3, and DG fields of pup's hippocampus, which was obtained from mothers who experienced PTZ injection during pregnancy, was decreased approximately 2.6 (P = 0.001), 2 (P = 0.001), and 2.1 (P = 0.001) times compared with non-PTZ treated maternal groups, respectively. Conclusions: Our study showed that maternal seizures reduced the number of neurons and also PSA-NCAM positive cells per unit area in the offspring hippocampus that it may cause impairment in hippocampal functions. Epilepsy, Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), Hippocampus, Seizures 157 163 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-321&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ali Akbar Rajabzadeh علی اکبر رجب زاده No Dept. of Anatomical Sciences and Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه علوم تشریحی و بیولوژی سلولی Ali Reza Ebrahimzadeh Bideskan علیرضا ابراهیم زاده بیدسکان ebrahimzadehba@yahoo.com Yes Dept. of Anatomical Sciences and Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه علوم تشریحی و بیولوژی سلولی Hossein Haghir حسین حقیر No Dept. of Anatomical Sciences and Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه علوم تشریحی و بیولوژی سلولی Ali Reza Fazel علیرضا فاضل No Dept. of Anatomical Sciences and Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه علوم تشریحی و بیولوژی سلولی

en اثر الئوروپین بر فعالیت میلوپراکسیداز بافتی در مدل تجربی ضایعه تروماتیک نخاع Effect of Oleuropein on Tissue Myeloperoxidase Activity in Experimental Spinal Cord Trauma Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کوتاه Short Communication Background: Neutrophil infiltration plays an important role in inflammatory reactions following spinal cord injury (SCI) and these cells cause substantial secondary tissue damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oleuropein (OE) on myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity as an index of neutrophil infiltration. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into four groups of 7 rats each as follows: sham-operated group, trauma group, and OE treatment groups (20 mg/kg, i.p., immediately and 1 hour after SCI). Spinal cord samples were taken 24 hours after injury and studied for determination of MPO activity. Results: The results showed that MPO activity was significantly decreased in OE-treated rats. Conclusion: On the basis of our findings, we propose that OE may be effective in protecting rat spinal cord from secondary damage by modulating of neutrophil infiltration. Oleuropein (OE), Neutrophil infiltration, Myeloperoxidase 164 167 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-325&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ali Reza Khalatbary علیرضا خلعتبری khalat90@yahoo.com Yes Hassan Ahmadvand حسن احمدوند No