other <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> Arsenic toxicity is a global health problem that affects a large number of people. Pollution occurs when arsenic seeps into underground water sources and contaminates drinking water. Arsenic is a carcinogen that induces the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Panax ginseng (PG), with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, can improve immune system function by regulating the performance of immune-related organs and cells. The mechanisms of Panax ginseng and its ginsenosides in reducing immune toxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regulatory effects on fatty acids are interconnected. Methods and Materials: 28 Syrian mice (20 to 40 grams) aged (8 weeks) were randomly divided into four groups(n=7). The Sham group received an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline; the Arsenic group received an intraperitoneal injection of arsenic (5mg/kg); low-dose treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of arsenic (5mg/kg) + Panax ginseng extract (200mg/kg) orally, High-dose treatment group received intraperitoneal injection of arsenic (5mg/kg) + Panax ginseng extract (400mg/kg) orally for 35 days. The liver tissue was isolated and placed in a 10% formalin solution. The tissue samples were processed, sectioned at a thickness of 5 microns, stained with H&E, and examined under a microscope for histopathological diagnosis. Results: The tissue showed standard structure in the control group, and no histopathological changes were observed.<br> <span style="line-height:115%">The structure of liver cells and sinusoids was standard, and the cell cytoplasm did not show a vesicular appearance. In the arsenic-exposed group, the cellular structure is disrupted, and the boundaries of liver cells and sinusoidal spaces in some areas are unclear, indicating cellular swelling. The cells showed a hyaline appearance and vesiculated and vacuolated cytoplasm. Additionally, vascular dilation in the portal space and central vein is apparent. In the low-dose treatment group, there is a slight improvement in cellular structure, and vascular dilation decreased compared with the arsenic group. However, the sinusoidal space remains unclear, indicating cellular swelling. Vacuolation showed a significant decrease in this group. In the high-dose treatment group, the tissue appearance is almost similar to the low-dose treatment group. Histopathological changes were decreased, and the cellular swelling and vacuolar appearance in the cytoplasm are still observable. Conclusion and discussion: Arsenic causes cellular and tissue damage in the liver. Panax ginseng can significantly retrieve this damage with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, reducing histopathological changes.</span><br> <br> <img alt="" src="./files/site1/images/888.jpg" style="width: 1000px; height: 36px;" ></span></span></div> Arsenic, Liver, Mice, Panax 466 466 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4696-486&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Abolfazl Taqhinejad Yes Mohammad Javad Mohammadi Fard No Maryam Yadegari No Morteza Anvari No