Iranian Biomedical Journal

en Osteogenic Differentiation Effect of BMP-9 with Phenamil and Simvastatin on Intact Human Amniotic Epithelial Stem Cells Tissue Engineering and Cell Biology Tissue Engineering and Cell Biology مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Background: Bone tissue engineering has shown to be a promising strategy for repairing bone defects without causing harmful side effects to the patient. Three main building blocks of tissue engineering, including seeding cells, scaffold, and signaling molecules, are required for adequate bone regeneration. The human amniotic membrane (hAM) is the innermost of the placental membranes. In addition to providing a source of stem cells and growth factors, hAM has several features that make it an appropriate scaffold containing stem cells for use in tissue engineering purposes. The present investigation aimed to assess the effect of bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) combined with phenamil and simvastatin on osteogenic induction of hAM with its human amniotic membrane epithelial cells (hAECs). Methods: Using six different osteogenic medium (OMs), we cultured hAM for 14 days. The basic OMs were chosen as the first group and other media were made by adding BMP-9, phenamil, simvastatin, BMP-9 alongside phenamil, and BMP-9 alongside simvastatin to the basic OMs. Finally, viability assay, tissue mineralization, calcium and phosphate content determination, and measurement of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were performed. Results: Among all study groups, groups containing simvastatin showed a significantly lower level of viability. Although all media could induce osteogenic features, the hAECs cultured in media containing BMP-9 and phenamil demonstrated a wider area of mineralization and a significantly higher level of calcium and phosphate content, LDH, and ALP activity. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that the use of phenamil together with BMP-9 could synergistically show in situ osteogenic induction in hAECs, which could be a new insight into translational medicine. Amniotic Membrane, Phenamil, Simvastatin, Tissue engineering 463 474 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-4958-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Armin Ahmadi arminahmadi@sbmu.ac.ir 0000-0003-0562-9708 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Shayan Ebadi ss.ebadi@sbmu.ac.ir 0000-0001-7693-6655 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tahereh Tayebi tayebi_t@sbmu.ac.ir 0000-0003-1419-9703 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Alireza Ebadi sa.ebadi@sbmu.ac.ir 0000-0002-3680-6781 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mahdi Sarzaeem No Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Niknejad niknejad@sbmu.ac.ir 0000-0001-7736-1232 Yes Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran