other Molecular Microbiology Molecular Microbiology مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article <strong>Background</strong>: HRV is the causative agent of severe gastroenteritis in children and responsible for two million hospitalizations and more than a half-million deaths annually. Sequence characteristics of the gene segments encoding the VP7 and VP4 proteins are used for the genotype classification of rotavirus. A wide variety of molecular methods are available, mainly based on reverse transcription PCR for rapid, specific and sensitive genotyping of rotaviruses. This study describes an alternative real-time PCR assay for genotyping of rotavirus. <strong>Methods:</strong> The samples of stools studied in this research have been collected from patients referred to Children&#39;s Medical Centers, Tehran, Iran. Rotavirus detection and genotyping were performed using the RT-PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR, respectively. Samples were then genotyped with a new real-time PCR. <strong>Results:</strong> The real-time PCR was able to genotype all positive samples with a mean C_tof 28.2. Besides, a concordance rate of 100% was detected between real-time PCR and semi-nested RT-PCR. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: In this study, the genotyping of rotavirus with real-time PCR showed that this method can provide several favorable features, including high sensitivity and specificity, and a wide dynamic range for rotavirus genotyping. Gastroenteritis, Genotype, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Rotavirus 399 404 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-831&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Seyed Dawood Mousavi-Nasab 0000-0002-4831-3108 No Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Farzaneh Sabahi 0000-0003-3392-8553 No Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Hooman Kaghazian 0000-0003-4301-3381 No Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Paryan 0000-0002-2592-3528 No Department of Research and Development, Production and Research Complex, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Siamak Mirab Samiee 0000-0002-9949-3428 No Reference Health Laboratories Research Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran Mostafa Ghaderi 0000-0003-2012-7394 No Department of Microbiology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran Fatemeh Zali No Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Manoochehr Makvandi 0000-0001-5602-6961 Yes Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran