en Related Fields Related Fields مقاله کامل Full Length/Original Article Alpha-thalassemia (α-thal) is probably the most prevalent monogenic condition in the world. Deletions are the most common types of mutations in α-thal, followed by point mutations and small insertion/deletion. In the context of national screening program for prevention of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies in Iran, α-thal carriers have come to more attention. Therefore, the frequency and distribution of α-globin mutations in various regions of the country have been studied in recent years. A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and national databases for finding reports on mutation detection in α-thal carriers and HbH disease with Iranian origin. The mutation data of 10849 α-thal carriers showed that -α^3.7 and α^-5NT were the most common deletional and nondeletional mutations, respectively. In HbH disease cases, the -α^3.7/--^MED was the most prevalent genotype. Overall, 42 different mutations have been identified in α-globin cluster reflecting the high heterogeneity of the mutations in Iranian populations. α-Thalassemia, Point mutation, HbH disease, Iran 6 14 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-703&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Atefeh Valaei No Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Karimipoor Yes Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Kordafshari No Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. Sirous Zeinali No Medical Genetics Lab of Dr. Zeinali, Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran