Iranian Biomedical Journal

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Showing 4 results for Oral Health

Improving Oral Health Is a Way to Maintain Brain Health: A Scoping Review

Zahra Mohammadi, Fatemeh Zibaei, Fatemeh Bahramnezhad,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (12-2024)

Abstract

Introduction: This study reviews the literature on the relationship between oral and brain health. Poor dental care results in deteriorating oral health and increases the risk of developing other illnesses, such as candidiasis or pneumonia. Dental caries, periodontitis, and tooth loss are common oral health issues. Studies have suggested that oral cavity-related disorders may stem from endotoxins, chronic inflammation, and metastatic infection.
Search Strategy: In this scoping review, articles published between 2020 and 2023 on the relationship between oral health and brain health were examined using keywords such as “oral health”, “cognitive impairment”, “Alzheimer’s disease”, and “brain”. A total of 457 English articles were found through searches on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct databases, and Google Scholar search engines. A general review of the quality of the articles was conducted, and duplicate articles were removed. Finally, 16 relevant articles were included in the study.
Results: The results can be divided into two categories: prevention of brain disorders and improving brain activities in oral hygiene. Learning deficits were caused by pathological alterations in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex brought on by molar extraction and a soft diet. An increased number of functional teeth decreases the chance of Alzheimer's disease. Concerns about dementia and activities to prevent dementia seemed to improve with higher oral health awareness. Cognitive function and systemic health status positively correlated with oral health status.
Conclusion and Discussion: Promoting dental health can reduce the impact of brain impairment. In addition to offering more specialized and focused health education on the link between dental and overall health, close collaboration between physicians, nurses, and dentists is necessary. It is also essential to acknowledge the valuable role that community health nurses play in schools and society regarding education and prevention.

Relationship Between Dental Health and Anthropometric Indicators and Nutritional Status of Children

Mehdi Izanlou, Azam Saeedi Kia,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (12-2024)

Abstract

Introduction: Human health is significantly influenced by the type and quality of the foods consume. The basis of health is formed during childhood, and good nutrition plays a decisive role in the natural growth and health of the human body and mind. Considering the importance of this issue, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between dental health, anthropometric indicators, and the nutritional status of children.
Search Strategy: This research, conducted in 2024, was thoroughly searched reliable databases such as SID, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS with MeSH keywords “dental health”, “anthropometric indicators”, “child nutrition”, and their Latin equivalents. Then, relevant studies from 2008 to 2022 were identified after screening the title, abstract, and full text with the help of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Among 34 studies, 14 were selected to announce the results.
Results: According to 14 articles, optimal nutrition had a direct relationship with dental health and anthropometric indicators of children. In three studies, people with a diet full of micronutrients, including calcium and iron, had optimal dental health. In five studies, children who consumed more calcium, iron, and zinc had favorable anthropometric indices. It should be noted that some studies overlapped with each other.
Conclusion and Discussion: According to the studies, 23.6% of seven-year-old children do not consume the recommended amount of calcium. Despite official recommendations and numerous advertisements promoting dairy consumption, many children's diet still lack adequate calcium. Micronutrients such as calcium, iron, and zinc are essential for overall health. The review of studies highlights the importance of a nutritious diet for the health of children’s teeth. Given that vital micronutrients significantly enhance dental health, there is hope for the development of programs aimed at addressing this issue. Health experts should prepare and compile strategies to strengthen this initiative.

Effect of Using Denture on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Older Adults: A Systematic Review

Razieh Sadeghi, Hassan Rezaeipandari,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (12-2024)

Abstract

Introduction: The oral health-related quality of life is a complex concept that consists of different dimensions such as psychological (appearance and self-confidence), performance (conversation), social behaviors (communication and intimacy), and pain (acute and chronic). One of the problems of the elderly is the loss of natural teeth and the subsequent need to use dentures. Using dentures can have different and important effects on the oral health-related quality of life. Therefore, this review study aimed to examine the effect of dentures on oral health-related quality of life in older adults.
Search Strategy: In this study, using the electronic databases of Science Direct, Google Scholar, Pubmed, Web of Science, IranDoc, and SID, the keywords “denture”, “oral health”, “quality of life”, and “older adult” were searched without considering the time limit. The 83 obtained articles were reviewed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and seven articles were finally selected.
Results: The available evidence on the effect of dentures on the oral health-related quality of life in the elderly showed different results. Three studies indicated that the use of dentures significantly improves oral health-related quality of life. In contrast, four other studies showed that older adults who use dentures had a lower oral health-related quality of life than older adults. Also, in all studies, the importance of designing a suitable denture for every older adult was mentioned.
Conclusion and Discussion: The use of dentures may be one of the causes of low oral health-related quality of life in the elderly. Therefore, the necessary policies to improve oral and dental health in this period should be predicted before old age. However, careful selection and design of dentures suitable for every elderly person and fixing their weaknesses can improve the oral health-related quality of life.

Pseudoscientific and Invalid Beliefs about Fluoride Use: A Qualitative Study

Mohadeseh Khoshgoftar, Maryam Amidi Mazaheri,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (12-2024)

Abstract

Introduction: Tooth decay is one of the most common diseases people suffer from. On the other hand, the use of prevention methods such as fluoride therapy has always been associated with challenges. The purpose of this study is to compile a list of pseudo-scientific and invalid beliefs about the use of Fluoride.
Methods and Materials: The current qualitative study uses a conventional content analysis method. In this approach, the classes were directly extracted using existing textual data to achieve a deeper understanding of the desired phenomenon. Then, a systematic classification process identified evident and hidden themes or patterns. The statistical population of the research included all students participating in the Young Innovative Leaders Program. By using the purposeful sampling method, the data of this study was saturated with the number of 12 people. The data was collected using a semi-structured interview by a female interviewer. The analysis was done simultaneously and continuously, using data collection based on the proposed algorithm in qualitative content analysis. In this way, the words, sentences, or paragraphs of the participants' conversations containing important points related to the research topic were considered semantic units (meaning units were placed together as words or sentences with a single meaning). In the next step, meaning units were named according to their obvious or hidden meaning, and a code was assigned to each. The codes' differences and similarities were evaluated; based on this, they were placed in subclasses and classes, and more abstract labels were assigned. Finally, the review of classes, codes, and data led to the extraction of the central theme of the study.
Results: In this study, after removing the repetitive and ambiguous themes, various propositions were obtained, which were classified according to the direction of common themes. The benefits and importance of Fluoride, its harms and complications, when to use it, different groups of users, age, sensitive dental conditions, prevention of caries, the best behaviors recommended for oral health, oral and dental self-care, awareness of preventive dentistry and attitude towards it, ethical issues of adding Fluoride to water, mothers' concern about their children's use of Fluoride and other cases were among the subgroups of qualitative findings of this study.
Conclusion and Discussion: In the popular culture of Iranians, there are various beliefs about oral health and serious doubts about their scientific validity. Some people believe that Fluoride increases the tooth's resistance to decay. Even though most people were interested and active in using Fluoride, some believed in the unproven side.

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