Showing 23 results for Talebi
Fateh Rahimi, Malihe Talebi, Mahnaz Saifi, Mohammad R. Pourshafie,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (7-2007)
Abstract
Enterococci are important because of their role as the leading cause of nosocomial infections which have a significant role in the dissemination and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes. Methods: In this study, we determined the distribution of enterococcal species in the sewage treatment plants in Iran. Furthermore, we improved a rapid and specific PCR method using primers (sodA and ddl genes) for identification of enterococci spp. Results and Conclusion: A total number of 712 enterococci spp. were isolated and the results showed that 56%, 24%, 12%, 4%, 2%, 1% and 1% isolates were E. faecium, E. hirae, E. faecalis, E. gallinarum, E. casseliflavus, E. mundtii and other enterococcal spp., respectively. The use of species-specific PCR was in agreement with the biochemical tests. Furthermore, multiplex PCR was developed to study the presence of vancomycin resistant genes in E. faecium or E. faecalis. The multiplex PCR appeared to be a useful, rapid and specific method for detecting and discriminating genotypes for vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus.
Malihe Talebi, Mohammad R. Pourshafie, Mahvash Oskouii, Seyyed Saeed Eshraghi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (10-2008)
Abstract
Background: Vancomycin (glycopeptide)-resistant enterococci (VRE or GRE) can cause serious problems for hospitalized patients due to the limited options for treatment of VRE infections. As infection with VRE increases in hospitals, further knowledge about vancomycin resistant genes is needed. Methods: Isolates of Enterococcus spp. were collected from hospitalized patients in Tehran (Iran) during 2006. Detailed molecular analysis was performed for vancomycin resistance genotype and vanHAX using conventional PCR and PCRRFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), respectively. Results: out of 830 enterococci spp., 48 VRE isolates (5.8%) were obtained. All of VRE isolates carried vanA gene. DdeI digestion of vanHAX element showed the presence of point mutation at 8234 position. Conclusion: This study indicates that vanA is a predominant genotype in Iranian isolates. In addition, PCR-RFLP analysis revealed the presence of two types of vanHAX element in vanA harboring transposons.
Fereshteh Mehraein, Reza Talebi, Behnamedin Jameie, Mohammad Joghataie, Zahra Madjd,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (11-2011)
Abstract
Background: Melatonin has receptors in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and regulates development of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. This study was undertaken to determine ability of melatonin to protect SNc dopaminergic neuron loss induced by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Female rats were randomized into four groups of seven each: control, ethanol sham, ovariectomy (ovx) and ovx with melatonin (ovx + m). In ovx, ovaries were removed. Ovx + m group was intraperitoneally injected with melatonin for 10 days, while the ethanol sham group received only ethanol. All rats were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde, midbrains removed, fixed and paraffin embedded, then processed for Nissl and tyrosine hydroxylase staining (IHC). Ten sections of SNc in Nissl and IHC staining were analyzed in each animal, Nissl stained and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactive cells were counted in five experimental groups randomly. Data was analyzed using SPSS by ANOVA and t-test. Differences were considered significant for P<0.05. Results: There was less cell number in ovx compared to control and ethanol sham groups significantly (P<0.001). The ovx + m group had more cells than the ovx group in the SNc significantly (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was significant decrease of TH positive cell number in the ovx group compared to control and ethanol sham groups (P<0.05). The number of TH immunoreactive cells was higher in ovx + m compared to the ovx group (P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings can be compared with human and used in clinical application for prevention of DA neuron death of SNc after ovariectomy.
Mohammad Reza Alaei, Saeed Talebi, Mohammad Ghofrani, Mohsen Taghizadeh, Mohammad Keramatipour,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (11-2016)
Abstract
Background: Progressive encephalopathy with or without lipodystrophy is a rare autosomal recessive childhood-onset seipin-associated neurodegenerative syndrome, leading to developmental regression of motor and cognitive skills. In this study, we introduce a patient with developmental regression and autism. The causative mutation was found by exome sequencing. Methods: The proband showed a generalized hypertonia and regression of all developmental milestones. Based on the advantages of next-generation sequencing (NGS), whole exome sequencing (WES) was requested. The functional significance of variants was evaluated by NGS-specific prediction servers. Sanger sequencing was used for segregation analysis in the family. Results: There was no specific sign in the clinical and paraclinical investigations of the patient to establish a conclusive
clinical diagnosis. WES detected a known homozygous nonsense mutation in BSCL2 (NM_001122955.3:c. 985C>T; p.Arg329*). The variant is segregating in the pedigree with an autosomal recessive pattern. Conclusion: Exome sequencing is a robust method for identifying the candidate gene variants in Mendelian traits.
Farah Talebi, Farideh Ghanbari Mardasi, Javad Mohammadi Asl, Amir Hooshang Bavarsad, Masoumeh Salehi Kambo,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (9-2017)
Abstract
Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by bone loss and bone fragility. The aim of this study was to investigate the variants of three genes involved in the pathogenesis of OI. Methods: Molecular genetic analyses were performed for COL1A1, COL1A2, and CRTAP genes in an Iranian family with OI. The DNA samples were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel and Sanger sequencing. Results: Five different variants were identified in COL1A1 and COL1A2, including two variants in COL1A1 and three variants in COL1A2. Among the five causative COL1A1 and COL1A2 variants, one novel variants, c.1081 G>A, was found in COL1A2, which was identified in two siblings. Conclusion: Our finding extends the variant spectrum of the COL1A2 gene and has important implications for genetic counseling of families. The NGS is a powerful molecular diagnostic strategy for OI, a heterogeneous disorder.
Mohammad Reza Alaei, Meghdad Kheirkhahan, Saeed Talebi, Elham Davoudi-Dehaghani, Mohammad Keramatipour,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background: Glutaric acidemia (GAI) and mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPSIIIB) are two rare genetic disorders caused by pathogenic variants in two different genes. Here, we report a coexistence of these two different rare disorders in an individual. Methods: A four-year-old Iranian boy born to first-cousin parents suspected to have MPSIIIB and/or GAI was investigated in this study. Targeted genomic enrichment and next-generation sequencing were used to examine genes related to MPS and GA. Sanger sequencing was performed to confirm the results. Results: Two homozygous likely pathogenic variants in α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) and GCDH genes were found and confirmed in the proband. Conclusion: A combination of specific features of two different diseases in a patient has been reported here. More studies on this case and similar cases can provide more information about the effect of simultaneous pathogenic variants in different genes.
Rasoul Alizadeh, Sanaz Jamshidi, Mohammad Keramatipour, Parisa Moeinian, Rozita Hosseini, Hasan Otukesh, Saeed Talebi,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (11-2020)
Abstract
Background: Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a progressive tubulointestinal kidney condition that demonstrates an AR inheritance pattern. Up to now, more than 20 various genes have been detected for NPHP, with NPHP1 as the first one detected. X-prolyl aminopeptidase 3 (XPNPEP3) mutation is related to NPHP-like 1 nephropathy and late onset NPHP. Methods: The proband (index patient) had polyuria, polydipsia and chronic kidney disease and was clinically suspected of NPHP. After the collection of blood sample from proband and her parents, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the possible variants in the proband from a consanguineous marriage. The functional importance of variants was estimated by bioinformatic analysis. In the affected proband and her parents, Sanger sequencing was conducted for variants’ confirmation and segregation analysis. Results: Clinical and paraclinical investigations of the patient was not informative. Using WES, we could detect a novel homozygous frameshift mutation in XPNPEP3 (NM_022098.2: c.719_720insA; p. Q241Tfs*13), and by Sanger sequencing, we demonstrated an insertion in XPNPEP3. Conclusion: The homozygous genotype of the novel p.Q241Tfs*31 variant in XPNPEP3 may cause NPHP in the early childhood age.
Afsaneh Salimi, Amin Sepehr, Hossein Ajdarkosh, Shadi Aghamohamad, Maliheh Talebi, Mahdi Rohani*, Mohammad Reza Pourshafie,
Volume 26, Issue 5 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiota is an important factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Due to a link between the gut microbiota and IBD, studying microbiota changes using an accurate, sensitive and rapid method for detection of the disease seems necessary. This study aimed to compare the composition of gut microbiota in three groups of people, including IBD patients, cured Inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD), and healthy groups.
Methods: For this study, 45 stool samples (15 from each group) were collected. Using real-time PCR, the abundance of 11 bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences was examined.
Results: In the IBD group, the number of three bacterial phyla, including Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, decreased (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001, respectively), while the population of γ-Proteobacteria increased significantly (p < 0.0001). In the CIBD group, the number of Actinobacteria enhanced (p < 0.01), but that of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes decreased (p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusion: Findings of this study indicate that decrease in Firmicutes and increase in γ-Proteobacteria could be used as an indicator of IBD instead of employing invasive and costly detection methods such as colonoscopy and other tests.
Dr. Fereshteh Maryami, Dr. Elham Rismani, Dr. Elham Davoudi-Dehaghani, Dr. Nasrin Khalesi, Dr. Saeed Talebi, Prof. Reza Mahdian, Prof. Sirous Zeinali,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: Inborne errors of metabolism are a common cause of neonatal death. This study evaluated the acute early-onset metabolic derangement and death in two unrelated neonates.
Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing, homology modeling, and in silico bioinformatics analysis were employed to assess the effects of variants on protein structure and function.
Results: WES revealed a novel homozygous variant, p.G303Afs*40 and p.R156P, in the pyruvate carboxylase (PC) gene of each neonate, which both were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Based on the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines, the p.G303Afs*40 was likely pathogenic, and the p.R156P was a variant of uncertain significance (VUS). Nevertheless, a known variant at position 156, the p.R156Q, was also a VUS. Protein secondary structure prediction showed changes in p.R156P and p.R156Q variants compared to the wild-type protein. However, p.G303Afs*40 depicted significant changes at C-terminal. Furthermore, comparing the interaction of wild-type and variant proteins with the ATP ligand during simulations, revealed a decreased affinity to the ATP in all the variants. Moreover, analysis of Single nucleotide polymorphism impacts on PC protein using Polyphen-2, SNAP2, FATHMM, and SNPs&GO servers predicted both R156P and R156Q as damaging variants. Likewise, free energy calculations demonstrated the destabilizing effect of both variants on PC.
Conclusion: This study confirmed the pathogenicity of both variants and suggested them as a cause of type B Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency. The results of this study would provide the family with prenatal diagnosis and expand the variant spectrum in the PC gene,which is beneficial for geneticists and endocrinologists.
Ali Moradi, Akram Sanagoo, Ali Akbari, Anita Gharajeh, Zahra Talebi, Leila Jouybari, Hossein Nasiri, Fatemeh Mehravar,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Creating age-friendly cities and spaces is one of the fundamental challenges in today's world. This study aims to evaluate age-friendly city indicators from the perspective of the elderly in Golestan Province in 2023.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals aged 60 and above in the counties of Golestan Province. The sample size was 310 participants selected through proportional stratified sampling. Data were collected using the age-friendly city questionnaire, which was validated and reliable for the Iranian population. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, employing independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-square, and Pearson correlation.
Results: The mean age of the participants in this study was 70.34 ± 7.73 years (ranging from 60 to 99), with 64.5% being male. Among the three examined components, respect, and social security had the highest average among the elderly (4.65 ± 17.72), followed by social participation (4.79 ± 16.30) and civic engagement and employment (4.052 ± 12.20). Age-friendly city indicators showed statistically significant differences in variables such as city of residence (p = 0.02), support source (p = 0.009), income level (p = 0.001), and marital status (p = 0.05).
Conclusion and Discussion: The findings of this study indicated that none of the three examined components of age-friendly city indicators in Golestan Province met the necessary standards. Therefore, it is recommended that managers of organizations responsible for the elderly exert more effort to achieve desirable conditions.
Sara Ghandi, Javad Ghasemi, Maryam Talebi Moghadam, Mohammad Javad Bay, Mohammad Amin Halimi, Mahboobe Shirzad Ahoodashti, Lotfollah Davoodi,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: A primary global concern is the long-term effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19). Diabetes is one of the most reported comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19. There is a higher chance of poor prognosis and death for COVID-19 patients with diabetes. This study aimed to determine the frequency of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in COVID-19 patients and to investigate blood sugar control in diabetic patients for three months.
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2021-2022 on patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Razi Hospital in Ghaemshahr. After excluding cases of diabetes, 933 individuals were included in the study. By measuring hemoglobin A1c levels and fasting insulin, prediabetic patients were identified. All patients were examined for three months by repeated FBS tests.
Results: Overall, 933 patients with COVID-19 with an average age of 47.9 ± 10.9 were included in the study. OF these cases, 518 patients (55.5%) were male, and the rest were female. Of 174 people who had pre-diabetes, 79 people suffered from diabetes. Also, of 759 patients who did not have pre-diabetes, 254 cases developed diabetes. The symptoms and infection rate were more severe in 333 people diagnosed with diabetes (p = 0.001 and p = 0.046). Also, 66 out of 79 prediabetic patients developed diabetes, and 229 of 254 patients who did not have pre-diabetes and developed diabetes received corticosteroids during the treatment of COVID-19. A significant relationship was observed between corticosteroids and diabetes (p = 0.043). Hyperglycemia and the need for antidiabetic treatment and blood sugar control continued in 305 out of 333 patients with diabetes until three months later.
Conclusion and Discussion: According to the results of this study, COVID-19 was associated with the new onset of diabetes in 27.22% of all participants. Additionally, it led to the new onset of diabetes in 46.8% of individuals with prediabetes. The severity of infection and the number of symptoms in diabetic patients were more pronounced in non-diabetic patients. Furthermore, diabetes was linked to the use of corticosteroids. The diabetes treatment lasted for three months for one-third of the patients with COVID-19.
Seyedeh Farhaneh Talebian, Nasibeh Zanjari,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The ageing population in Iran, like many developing countries, has coincided with economic, social and demographic challenges at the macro and micro levels. One of the most critical problems in the ageing field is feeling lonely. The loneliness may be due to reduced social-motivational resources, health capacity, and age-related diseases that can expose this group to more problems. Hence, this study aimed to examine the state of loneliness and its relation to metabolic syndrome among older adults in Tehran City.
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran in 2022. The sample of this study consisted of community-dwelling individuals aged 60 years and older. A total of 1,020 older adults were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. This study assessed feelings of loneliness using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. In contrast, a single question was used to measure the presence of disease: "Do you have cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, high blood lipid levels, and diabetes based on the doctor's diagnosis?". The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 with descriptive and inferential statistical methods.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 70.28 (7.53±) years. According to the findings, 42.4% of the people were suffering from high blood pressure, 35.4% from high blood lipids, 30.2% from diabetes, and 27.0% from heart disease. Also, 49.4% of the older adults in Tehran experienced moderate and high feelings of loneliness. The sense of loneliness among the older adults with the disease was significantly higher (p = 0.001) than their counterparts. The highest average of loneliness was observed in older adults with cardiovascular disease (mean = 3.20) and high blood pressure (mean = 3.18). The lowest average feeling of loneliness (mean = 2.86) was found among the older adults suffering from high blood lipids. Individuals who were suffering from cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure felt lonelier in different emotional and social dimensions than others.
Conclusion and Discussion: The findings of this study show that loneliness is related to metabolic syndrome, especially cardiovascular disease. These diseases can jeopardize older adults' continued participation in social activities and make them feel lonelier. Therefore, it is recommended to promote self-care strategies and social presence among older people with cardiovascular diseases so that people can better manage their feelings of loneliness.
Kosar Talebi, Zahra Moradpour, Abdollah Ghasemian, Leila Barghi,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The emergence of a wide range of resistant infections caused by bacterial pathogens increases the need for new strategies and drug molecules to combat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that is resistant to many antibiotics and can survive in hospital environments. Nanomaterials, particularly metal ones, have shown promising antibacterial effects against various infections. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are absorbed due to their antibacterial properties and wide usage in the medical industry. This study used carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a base to disperse zinc oxide NPs.
Methods and Materials: After preparing microbial culture media, glycerol stock, and hydrogel, the bacterial culture was incubated in liquid and solid culture media. The hydrogel was prepared by adding CMC to acetate buffer, and zinc oxide NPs were added to one section. An in vitro antibacterial activity assay was conducted by spreading bacterial culture on agar plates and sampling different substances, including erythromycin gel, hydrogel with zinc oxide NPs, zinc oxide ointment, and control hydrogel without NPs. The plates were then incubated for observation of bacterial growth or non-growth. The next day, the plates were examined in the non-growth zone.
Results: In the growth culture plate, the zinc oxide NP hydrogel sample prevented bacterial growth, resulting in a non-growth zone. This observation demonstrates that the hydrogel containing zinc oxide NPs exhibits a significant antibacterial effect against P. aeruginosa. In the first section of the plate, where zinc oxide ointment was applied, there was no zone of inhibition, and the bacteria growth was evident. However, in the second section, where erythromycin gel was used, a clear zone of inhibition was observed. Bacterial growth is present in the fourth and fifth sections, which were treated with CMC hydrogel without zinc oxide NPs.
Conclusion and Discussion: According to our findings, the hydrogel composed of CMC containing zinc oxide NPs demonstrated antibacterial activity, whereas standard zinc oxide particles were ineffective in inhibiting bacterial growth. Therefore, it is worthwhile to conduct further experiences using zinc oxide NPs incorporated into a CMC gel base.
Shabnam Mohammadi, Amirhossein Yazdi, Hamideh Abotalebi, Fatemeh Alipour,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Environmental, hormonal, and genetic factors affect male infertility. Exposure to environmental or occupational toxins such as pesticides has been linked to infertility and reproductive disorders. Fenpiroximate is a pesticide that controls mites and whiteflies in citrus and palm trees. However, few studies have examined its effects on reproduction. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of the lethal dose of fenpiroximate on BALB/c mice.
Methods and Materials: In this study, 18 adult male BALB/C mice, weighing 20-25 g, were obtained from the Animal House of the Faculty of Medicine of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Animals had free access to food and water during the study. The animals were randomly divided into six groups. Control group did not receive any substance. The experimental groups received reapproximate doses of 16, 8, 4, 2, and 1 mg/kg of fenpiroximate intraperitoneally for 15 days. After 21 days, the mice were weighed, anesthetized with ether, and sacrificed.
Results: After seven days of injection, mice received a dose of 16 mg/kg of fenpiroximate. After 10 days, they were administered 8 mg/kg, and after 12 days, a dose of 4 mg/kg was given, which resulted in abnormalities. The mice died, and by weighing the body weight of the surviving mice and their reproductive organs on the 21st day, we concluded that the concentration of 2 and 1 mg/kg of fenpiroximate led to a decrease in body weight compared to the initial measurements, as well as a reduction in the weight reproductive organs.
Conclusion and Discussion: This study show that the pesticide reapproximate can lead to a decrease in body weight and reproductive organ health, and at high doses, it can cause deformities and death in mice. Therefore, the potential risks associated with exposure to pesticides highlight the need for increased attention to environmental pollutants, particularly in the field of reproductive health.
Ailin Khosroshahi, Behnam Golabi, Hadis Razmaray, Sepideh Yasmin Moghaddam Seyedi-Sahebari, Zahra Hakimzadeh, Seyedeh Ziabari, Negar Aghaei, Sarvin Sanaie, Mahnaz Talebi, Amirreza Naseri,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disabling condition of the central nervous system. Signs and symptoms vary widely between patients. Fatigue, visual abnormalities, muscle spasms, pain, depression and anxiety, bladder problems, cerebellar dysfunction, and cognitive dysfunction are the most common presentations of MS. Sleep disturbance is a prevalent manifestation in MS patients, even in patients with a low level of disability. Poor sleep quality, and insomnia are found to be more prevalent in MS. Through this, a possible connection between sleep status and cognitive function is suggested in the literature.
Search Strategy: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched. All original clinical studies delineating the relationship between sleep status and cognitive findings in MS patients were included in this systematic review. The following terms were utilized in database: “Sleep” AND “Multiple sclerosis”. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion or decided upon by a third reviewer. A data extraction table comprising authors' surname, publication date, study design, setting, sample size, age, female ratio, severity and phenotype of MS, scales about cognitive and sleep-related assessment, result and conclusion was designed.
Results: In the final review, of 1,633 screened records, 33 studies with 5,145 participants were included. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index , Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and polysomnography were the most common assessment tools for evaluation of sleep condition, and cognitive evaluations were conducted using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, California Verbal Learning Test, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test. Assessing the quality of studies showed no significant bias in most of the included articles.
Conclusion and Discussion: Only four studies found no correlation between sleep and the cognition assessment scales. We also understood that subjective assessments of sleep quality and cognitive dysfunction in MS patients do not precisely match up with their objective measurements in samples. One study concluded associations between sleep duration and cognitive performance in patients with brain injury. A review study came to the conclusion that sleep disorder is common and is a predictor of cognitive impairment in the elderly and in adults with neurodegenerative diseases.
Mehrad Amirnia, Khazar Raeisnia, Hamidreza Ashayeri, Zahra Hakimzadeh, Ehsan Nasiri, Mahnaz Talebi, Sarvin Sanaie, Amirreza Naseri,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease with several etiological origins. Caffeine is an adenosine receptor antagonist in the central nervous and immune systems. Due to the pharmacologic properties of caffeine, it has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory features. These propose a potential influence on MS risk, but the studies investigating the effect of coffee on MS development show conflicting results. This study aimed to assess existing clinical evidence on the association between caffeine consumption and the risk of MS.
Search Strategy: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, to cover all articles published up to January 2024 using the following strategy for PubMed: ("Coffee" [Mesh] OR "Caffeine" [Mesh] OR Coffee OR Caffeine OR Vivarin OR Caffedrine OR Coffeinum) AND ("Multiple Sclerosis" [Mesh] OR "Multiple sclerosis"). No restriction on search date, language, or country of origin was applied during the search. Also, the reference lists and citations of the included studies and related review articles were checked.
Results: Among 604 initial records, 10 studies (eight case-control studies, one cohort, and one Mendelian randomized study) with 19,430 participants met the inclusion criteria. The included case-control studies showed an overall high quality (4 scored 100% and 4 scored 90%). Our meta-analysis showed reduced MS development in coffee consumers (OR: 0.66). The protective effects of coffee were also higher in the groups consuming at least three cups daily compared to those consuming less than three cups (OR: 0.83).
Conclusion and Discussion: The current evidence on the impact of caffeine on MS risk is inconclusive, with studies showing both protective and neutral effects. Coffee consumption, especially in high doses, may decrease the risk of MS; however, the variability in outcomes highlights the influence of study design, demographic factors, and methodological approaches in assessing dietary impacts on disease incidence. Further well-designed prospective studies are required to clarify the role of caffeine in MS pathophysiology and to explore potential protective or predisposing effects on its incidence.
Sorour Mosleh, Mohammad Sadegh Aboutalebi, Mahshad Izadan, Akram Aarabi, Zahra Kouhestani, Melina Jafari,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Morbid obesity has become a significant concern in the medical world. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for achieving lasting weight loss and reducing weight-related complications. Minimally invasive techniques have led to an increase in the number of annual bariatric surgeries performed. Perioperative care for obese patients requires the use of different interventions than those used for non-obese patients, including specialized equipment for obesity, monitoring of blood glucose during surgery, and monitoring of respiratory function after surgery. By designing the novel checklist to improve preoperative care of the patient in bariatric laparoscopic surgery, surgical nurses and technologists can significantly reduce the side effects of bariatric surgery. However, according to our studies, no checklist exists for this topic in Iran. Hence, in this study, we designed a checklist to assess preoperative care for patients undergoing bariatric laparoscopic surgery.
Methods and Materials: The researcher created a checklist using reliable scientific sources and articles. The data resources we searched include PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and ScienceDirect. We also explored websites and guidelines from AORN, AST, and UpToDate. Then, the draft of our checklist was sent to 10 faculty members for review. Their feedback was considered, and after making the necessary changes and obtaining approval, the final version was prepared. To ensure reliability, two nurses completed the checklist simultaneously for 10 patients. The inter-observer reliability was calculated to be 0.89.
Results: The checklist included three sections: the admission performance, the operating room performance, and the recovery performance, which is specific to the scrub and circulating and anesthetic nurses. This checklist comprised 101 items and was divided into four sections, including care measures during admission, before, during, and after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. The checklist items were answered by the researcher as "yes" (score 1) or "no" (score 0).
Conclusion and Discussion: The study emphasized the importance of standardized protocols and guidelines for healthcare professionals to ensure consistent and optimal care. Therefore, it is essential to utilize the checklists developed in this study as a performance guide for personnel, aimed at improving their skills and enhancing the quality of care provided during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Understanding the level of adherence to care standards may lead to better recommendations and guidelines, ultimately increasing the success rate of laparoscopic bariatric surgeries while reducing complications and adverse effects. This, in turn, will enhance patient satisfaction.
Mohammad Javad Bay, Javad Ghasemi, Mostafa Alibegli, Sara Ghandi, Maryam Talebi Moghaddam, Lotfollah Davoodi, Amin Habibi,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the leading causes of death from infectious diseases globally. There are varying and often conflicting reports regarding the relationship between disease type and blood type. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABO and RH blood groups and tuberculosis.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with TB who visited health centers in Sari during 2008-2018. TB diagnosis was confirmed through microscopic tests and smears. Blood grouping was performed using anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D antibodies. Data on the blood groups of the general population in Sari was collected from health centers to compare the blood group distribution of TB patients with that of healthy individuals. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20, employing Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and independent t-test.
Results: Of the 420 patients studied, 56.42% were male, and 43.57% were female. Additionally, 52.64% resided in urban areas, while 35.47% lived in rural areas. The highest prevalence of TB was found in the age group of 45-60 years (34.5%). Regarding the ABO blood group distribution, 41.19% had blood group O, 28.33% had blood group A, 23.5% had blood group B, and 38.8% had blood group AB. Regarding the RH factor, 42.38% were RH positive, and 61.67% were RH negative.
Conclusion and Discussion: The study revealed that the incidence of TB in Sari was higher among women than men, and the majority of TB patients were over 45 years old. Additionally, TB was more prevalent in urban areas compared to rural areas. Although the O blood group was more common among TB patients, this finding was consistent with its higher prevalence in the general population of Sari, indicating no significant association (p = 0.05). Furthermore, the occurrence of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB was found to be equally distributed among different blood groups (p = 0.05).
Sepideh Seyedi Sahebari, Mahnaz Talebi, Amirreza Naseri, Maliheh Talebi,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. Findings have shown that cognitive impairment in the early stages of the disease may appear as the first symptom of MS. Cognitive disorders can affect up to 70% of patients and are present in 40-20% of patients in the early stages of the disease. Memory, processing speed, attention, episodic memory, and executive functions are the cognitive domains that are primarily impaired in MS patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the global and domain-specific cognitive impairment in MS patients based on the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB).
Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional study, 124 MS patients who visited the outpatient neurology clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences between 2022 and 2023 were included. CANTAB was used to evaluate the patients cognitively. In addition to the Motor Screening Task, four nonverbal cognitive subtests from the CANTAB were utilized: paired-associate learning, rapid visual information processing to assess sustained attention and reaction time, and the Spatial Working Memory test, which measures participants’ ability to retain and manipulate visuospatial information. Impaired functions in at least three domains were defined as cognitive impairment. The statistical analysis was carried out through the 23rd version of SPSS. The normality of distributions was assessed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, and based on the normality, numeric values were reported in mean ± SD or median (quartiles) and compared using the independent sample t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were reported in number (percentage) and compared using the chi-square test.
Results: Among 124 MS patients with a median age of 31 (26.25-37.75) years, 93 (75%) were female, and 49 (39.5%) were cognitively impaired. The disease phenotype was relapsing-remitting phenotype in 112 (90.3%) patients. Regarding sex, there was not any significant difference between the two groups of cognitively impaired (females: 40 [81.6%]) and cognitively intact patients (females: 53 [70.7%]), with a p value of 0.16. There was a significant difference in age of patients between the two groups (cognitively impaired: 37 [24-44]; cognitively not impaired: 28 [24-34.5]; p = 0.01). Also, the progressive form of the disease was more frequent in the cognitively impaired group (16.3% vs. 5.3%; p = 0.04). We could not find a statistically significant difference regarding disease duration between the two study groups (cognitively impaired: 120 [36-165] months; cognitively not impaired: 48 [21-108]), with a p value of 0.08.
Conclusion and Discussion: MS who are older and have a progressive form of the disease exhibit a higher prevalence of neuropsychiatric dysfunctions. However, gender does not affect these dysfunctions. We could not find a relationship between disease duration and cognitive impairment in this study, which could be due to the small sample size.
Zahra Sabahi, Amirreza Naseri, Malihe Talebi, Mahnaz Talebi, Sina Ranjbar Gharajeh,
Volume 28, Issue 0 (Supplementary 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, central nervous system inflammatory disease. Optic neuritis (ON) is inflammation of the optic nerve and occurs in 20% of patients at disease onset and up to 80% throughout the disease. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between visual evoked potentials (VEP) and performance on the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
Methods and Materials: 133 RRMS patients were recruited from an MS cognition clinic in Tabriz, Iran, between 2022 and 2023. Participants underwent VEP testing and based on the rapid visual information processing (RVP) subtest of CANTAB, patients were divided into two groups (impaired [RVP-I] and non-impaired [NI-RVP]), and VEP outcomes were compared between the groups of the study. All statistics were applied using the 27th version of SPSS. Considering the lack of normal distributions based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, numeric values are presented in median [IQR], and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation) were utilized. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-Square.
Results: Of 133 included participants in the total sample, 99 (74.4%) were female, and 34 (25.6%) were male. Fifty-seven patients (42.8%) had CI, and 76 (57.1%) were in the NCI group. VEP left latency (RVP-I: 116.68 [26.95], RVP-NI: 112.32 [13.40]; p = 0.02) was significantly higher in the RVP-I group, and VEP left latency118 was more prevalent in RVP-I group (47.5% vs. 30.2%; p = 0.047). There was no significant difference between the groups regarding the VEP correct latency (RVP-I: 116.20 [22.23], RVP-NI: 113.00 [16.45]; p = 0.18), VEP amplitudes (data are not presented; p = 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the RVP and VEP Left Latency (Correlation r = 0.227, p = 0.010). Conclusion and discussion Our findings revealed a relationship between optic neuritis and visual information processing speed in RRMS.
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