other Related Fields Related Fields کنگره Congress <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Introduction: The <em>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</em> complex, particularly terbinafine-resistant fungal strains, has emerged as a major cause of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis, which is increasingly difficult to treat. These dermatophytes cause persistent infections of the skin, and nails, often accompanied by inflammation, severe itching, keratin degradation, and reduced quality of life. In fungi, the molecular chaperone Hsp90 is essential for stress tolerance, morphogenesis, and antifungal resistance. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a non-thermal ionized gas, has recently gained attention for its notable antifungal activity. This study investigates the effect of CAP on Hsp90 gene expression in terbinafine-resistant isolates of the <em>T.&nbsp;mentagrophytes </em>complex.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Materials and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Fifty isolates of the&nbsp;<em>T.&nbsp;mentagrophytes </em>complex were tested for terbinafine susceptibility using broth microdilution, following the<b> </b>CLSI M38-A2 protocol. Isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations above 0.25&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:107%">&micro;g/mL</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><b>&nbsp;</b>were classified as resistant. These resistant isolates, along with a standard sensitive strain (PFCC 5809), were exposed to a helium-based CAP jet, which was applied directly to fungal suspensions in 96-well microtitier plates. The expression levels of <em>Hsp90</em> before and after CAP exposure were quantified by real-time PCR using&nbsp;</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="line-height:107%">&Delta;&Delta;Ct method.</span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Results and Discussion: The baseline expression of&nbsp;<em>Hsp90&nbsp;</em>was 124.7-fold higher in resistant isolates compared to the sensitive strain. CAP treatment reduced&nbsp;<em>Hsp90&nbsp;</em>expression to 13.3-fold, which was significantly lower than baseline levels (<em>p </em>< 0.005).</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><b><span style="font-size:10.5pt">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="font-size:10.5pt">CAP significantly downregulated <i>Hsp90</i> expression in terbinafine-resistant fungal strains. These findings suggest that CAP may serve as a promising adjunct antifungal strategy to enhance the management of resistant dermatophytosis.</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;</div> <br> &nbsp; <table align="center" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody> <tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" height="84" src="./files/site1/images/Picture1.jpg" width="507" ></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Antifungal therapy, Cold atmospheric plasma, Hsp90, Terbinafine resistance, Trichophyton mentagrophytes 45 45 http://ibj.pasteur.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-907&slc_lang=other&sid=1 Ameneh Shajari No Zahra Salehi No Mohammad Atyabi Yes